AP Human Geography Flashcards

Flashcards for AP Human Geography review.

Types of Maps (Topic 1.1)

Study of different types of maps and their uses.

Spatial Patterns (Topic 1.1)

Analysis of the arrangement of phenomena on the Earth's surface.

Map Projections (Topic 1.1)

Ways to represent the Earth's surface on a flat map.

Geographic Data (Topic 1.2)

Information about places and the activities that take place there.

The Power of Geographic Data (Topic 1.3)

Understanding the significance and applications of geographic information.

Spatial Concepts (Topic 1.4)

Ideas relating to space, such as location, distance, and direction.

Human-Environmental Interaction (Topic 1.5)

The study of the interactions between humans and the environment.

Scales of Analysis (Topic 1.6)

Different levels of geographic inquiry, from local to global.

Regional Analysis (Topic 1.7)

Examination of geographic areas based on unifying characteristics.

Factors Impacting Population Distribution (Topic 2.1)

Factors influencing how people are spread across an area.

Population Density (Topic 2.1)

A measurement of the number of people per unit of area.

Consequences of Population Distribution (Topic 2.2)

Results arising from how a population is spread.

Population Composition (Topic 2.3)

The structure of a population in terms of age, sex, and other properties such as marital status and education.

Faclors in Population Growth and Decline (Topic 2.4)

Elements impacting how populations increase or decrease.

Measuring Population Growth and Decline (Topic 2.4)

Methods for determining how populations increase or decrease.

The Demographic Transition Model (Topic 2.5)

A model showing population change over time.

Malthusian Theory (Topic 2.6)

Theory that population growth will outpace resource availability.

Population Policies (Topic 2.7)

Government actions designed to influence population size or composition.

Women and Demographic Change (Topic 2.8)

The role of women in population dynamics and societal change.

Aging Populations (Topic 2.9)

The effects of having a larger proportion of older people in a society.

Causes of Migration (Topic 2.10)

Reasons why people move from one place to another.

Forced and Voluntary Migration (Topic 2.11)

Migration due to force or free will.

Effects of Migration (Topic 2.12)

The impacts of movement on places of origin and destination.

Introduction to Culture (Topic 3.1)

An introduction to the study of culture.

Cultural Landscapes (Topic 3.2)

The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape.

Cultural Patterns (Topic 3.3)

Recurring themes within a group of people's way of life.

Types of Diffusion (Topic 3.4)

The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one culture to another

Historical Causes of Diffusion (Topic 3.5)

Historical reasons why cultural elements spread.

Contemporary Causes of Diffusion (Topic 3.6)

Modern reasons why cultural elements spread.

Pallerns of Language (Topic 3.7)

The distribution and characteristics of languages across the world.

Diffusion of Language (Topic 3.7)

The spread of languages across the world.

Patterns of Religion (Topic 3.7)

The distribution and characteristics of religions across the world.

Diffusion of Religion (Topic 3.7)

The spread of religions across the world.

Effects of Diffusion (Topic 3.8)

Effects of cultural elements spreading.

Introduction to Political Geography (Topic 4.1)

An introduction to the study of political geography.

Political Process (Topic 4.2)

The systems and methods of political operation within a place.

Political Power and Territoriality (Topic 4.3)

The exertion of control over a defined area.

Defining Political Boundaries (Topic 4.4)

How political regions are defined.

The Funclion of Sea Boundaries (Topic 4.5)

What purpose boundaries at sea serve.

The Function of Land Boundaries (Topic 4.5)

What purpose boundaries on land serve.

Internal Boundaries (Topic 4.6)

Divisions within a state.

Forms of Governance (Topic 4.7)

Different systems of governing a state

Defining Devolutionary Factors (Topic 4.8)

Factors that break apart states.

Responses to Devolution (Topic 4.9)

Methods of dealing with devolutionary forces.

Technology's Role in Challenges to Sovereignty (Topic 4.9)

How technology impacts national control.

Challenge to Sovereignty- Supranationalism (Topic 4.9)

Voluntary associations of three or more states to promote shared objectives.

Consequences of Centripetal & Centrifugal Forces (Topic 4.10)

Effects of forces that unify or divide a state.

Intro to Agriculture: Agriculture and Climate (Topic 5.1)

An intro to farming and its dependence on weather.

Introduction to Agriculture: Intensive Farming (Topic 5.1)

Farming that uses a lot of labor and capital.

Introduction to Agriculture: Extensive Farming (Topic 5.1)

Farming that uses a small amount of labor and capital in relation to the land area.

Settlement Patterns and Survey Methods (Topic 5.2)

The way farmsteads are arranged.

Agricultural Origins (Topic 5.3)

Where and how agriculture began.

Agricultural Diffusion (Topic 5.3)

How farming practices spread.

The Second Agricultural Revolution (Topic 5.4)

Changes in farming with the use of technology.

The Third Agricultural Revolution: Green Revolution (Topic 5.5)

The introduction of high-yield seeds and fertilizers.

Agricultural Production Regions (Topic 5.6)

Areas with similar farming methods.

Spatial Organization of Agriculture (Topic 5.7)

How farming is laid out.

Von Thünen Model (Topic 5.8)

A model of agricultural land use.

The Global System of Agriculture (Topic 5.9)

Agriculture seen world wide.

Consequences of Agricultural Practices (Topic 5.10)

The effects of farming on the planet.

Challenges of Contemporary Agriculture: Innovations (Topic 5.11)

New developments in agriculture.

Challenges of Contemporary Agriculture: Movements (Topic 5.11)

Social movements related to farming.

Challenges of Contemporary Agriculture: Feeding the World (Topic 5.11)

How to provide enough food for everyone.

Women in Agriculture (Topic 5.12)

The role of women in agriculture.

The Origin and Influences of Cities: Site and Situation (Topic 6.1)

Where cities come from and what affects them.

The Origin and Influences of Cities: Transportation and Communication (Topic 6.1)

The role of transport in the development of cities.

Cities around the World: Growth in Land Area (Topic 6.2)

The growth of cities measured by land area.

Cities around the World: Growth in Population (Topic 6.2)

The growth of cities measured by people.

Cities and Globalization (Topic 6.3)

How cities and cultures connect across the world.

The Size and Distribution of Cities: Rank-Size Rule, Primale City (Topic 6.4)

Relationships of city size.

The Size and Distribution of Cilies: Gravity Model, Central Place Theory (Topic 6.4)

The influence of population size and distance on human activity.

The Internal Structure of Cities: N. American Models (Topic 6.5)

Models for how cities are arranged in North America.

The Internal Structure of Cities: Models Outside North America (Topic 6.5)

Models for how cities are arranged outside of North America.

Density and Land Use (Topic 6.6)

The relationship between the intensity of an activity and the amount of land it occupies.

Infrastructure (Topic 6.7)

The basic physical and organizational structures needed for a city to function.

Urban Sustainability: Initiatives (Topic 6.8)

Actions undertaken to reduce environmental impact in cities.

Urban Sustainability: Praise and Criticisms (Topic 6.8)

Arguments for and against urban sustainability.

Urban Dala (Topic 6.9)

Facts and figures related to cities.

Challenges of Urban Changes: Movement w/in the City (Topic 6.10)

Issues arrising from people moving inside cities.

Challenges of Urban Changes: Urban Renewal & Gentrification (Topic 6.10)

Issues connected to fixing up poor parts of town.

Challenges of Urban Changes: Movement to the City (Topic 6.10)

Issues resulting from people moving to the city.

Challenges of Urban Sustainability (Topic 6.11)

Problems in making cities sustainable.

Challenges (and Responses) of Urban Sustainability (Topic 6.11)

Issues relate to attempts to make cities sustainable.

The Industrial Revolution (Topic 7.1)

The rise of factories and mass production.

Economic Sectors (Topic 7.2)

Different kinds of economic activity.

Economic Patterns of Location (Topic 7.2)

Where businesses locate and why.

Measures of Development: Social & Economic (Topic 7.3)

Statistics for judging a society's well-being.

Measures of Development: Gender Inequality (Topic 7.3)

Statistics on the equality of genders.

Women and Economic Development (Topic 7.4)

How women contribute to the economy

Theories of Development (Topic 7.5)

Frameworks for explaining economic advancement.

Trade and the World Economy (Topic 7.6)

Exchange among countries.

Trade and the World Economy: Gov't Trade Policies (Topic 7.6)

Rules set by governments about trade.

Changes as a Result of the World Economy: Shifting Sectors (Topic 7.7)

How the world economy has affected jobs.

Changes as a Result of the World Economy: Changes in Production (Topic 7.7)

How the world economy has affected making things.

Sustainable Development (Topic 7.8)

Progress that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Sustainable Development: SDGS (Topic 7.8)

Goals set by the UN for world betterment.