Philippine History and Early World Trade Lecture Review

Flashcards covering Philippine pre-colonial history, foreign trade networks, European exploration, Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, and social structures based on lecture notes.

What is the term for the 32 to 100 families forming a community in pre-colonial Philippines, and what was its leader called?

The community was called a barangay, and its leader was called a DATU.

What are the top 5 active volcanoes in the Philippines according to the lecture notes?

1. Pinatubo, 2. Taal, 3. Mayon, 4. Kanlaon, and 5. Ragang.

Which active volcano in the Philippines is characterized by having the largest crater and releasing strong magma, lava, and ashfall?

Kanlaon.

What is the first ever written document in Philippine history, and who found it in Lamba, Laguna in 1989?

The Laguna Copperplate Inscription, found by ERNESTO LACERNA LEISHMA.

Who created the "Vocabulario De Lengua Tagala" on MAY 27, 1613, and what was its primary goal?

It was compiled by PADRE PEDRO DE SAN BUENAVENTURA to create a connection between Spaniards and Filipinos in order to spread Christianity.

Which Dutch anthropologist visited Ernesto Lacerna Leishma and identified that early Philippine kingdoms were situated near major bodies of water like Laguna Lake?

ANTOON POSTMA.

What was the Silk Road, and when did it open?

It was an ancient network of land and sea trade routes connecting Central Asia (China), the Middle East, and Europe, opened in the 14th century / 130 BCE during the Han Dynasty.

What Chinese invention was originally created for fireworks but adapted by Europeans into modern warfare weapons like bombs and guns?

Gunpowder (pulbura).

Why was silk considered a symbol of social status in ancient times?

Because it was difficult and labor-intensive to produce from silkworm cocoons, limited in supply, and mostly used by the wealthy.

What is the key difference between the Asian Barter System and European Mercantilism?

The Barter System involves direct product-to-product exchange, whereas Mercantilism involves product-to-gold/silver exchange.

Which Islamic empire took control of Constantinople and key trade routes, effectively ending the Silk Road and forcing Europeans to seek alternative sea routes?

The Ottoman Empire.

Who was the Venetian scholar and explorer who joined Ferdinand Magellan's expedition and authored "THE FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD (1519-1522)"?

ANTONIO PIGAFETTA.

What papal bull was issued by Pope Alexander VI in 1493 to divide new lands between Spain and Portugal?

Inter Caetera.

How was the world divided between Spain and Portugal under the #KEPS concept decreed by Pope Alexander VI?

The West (Kanluran) went to Spain (E & P < S) and the East (Silangan) went to Portugal (K > E).

What were the names of the five ships in Ferdinand Magellan's fleet?

Trinidad, San Antonio, Conception, Victoria, and Santiago.

Which of Magellan's ships served as his personal vessel carrying tons of equipment and water, and which ship was the largest?

Trinidad was Magellan's flagship, and San Antonio was the largest ship.

What significant event occurred on April 1-2, 1520 at Puerto San Julian, Argentina during Magellan's journey?

The Easter Mutiny, which was a revolt by several expedition captains against Magellan.

On what date and location did the first Sanduguan (blood compact) take place in the Philippines, and who were the leaders involved?

On March 28, 1521 at Limasawa Island, between Magellan and Raja Colambo, along with Raja Siagu of the Kingdom of Butuan.

When and where was the first Easter Sunday Mass held in the Philippines, and who led it?

On March 31, 1521 on Limasawa Island, led by Padre Pedro de Valderama.

What image was given by Magellan to Doña Juana (Raja Humamay) during her baptism on April 14, 1521 in Cebu?

A statue of the Sto. Niño, symbolizing acceptance of Christianity.

When did the Battle of Mactan occur, and who defeated Magellan?

On April 27, 1521, where Magellan was defeated and killed by Raja Lapulapu.

Who was the captain that navigated the ship Victoria back to Spain on September 6, 1522, successfully completing the circumnavigation?

Juan Sebastian Elcano.

Who wrote "Relacion De Las Costumbres De Les Tagalos" in 1589, and what was the title of the first book published in the Philippines that he authored?

Padre Juan de Plasencia wrote it, and he also authored "Doctrina Christiana en Lengua Espanola Y Tagala".

What is Frailocracia?

A political and social system in the Philippines where Spanish friars held immense power and influence over religion, society, and governance.

What are the two types of slaves (alipin) in pre-colonial Tagalog society, and how are they distinguished?

Aliping Namamahay has their own home and serves their master with temporary servitude, while Aliping Saguiguilid lives in the master's home, has lifetime obligations, and can be sold.

Who held all three branches of government (Legislative, Executive, Judiciary) in a pre-colonial barangay, and who announced new laws to the community?

The Datu held all three branches of government, and the Umalohokan served as the town crier who announced new laws.