Civil Rights DATES

Paper 3 USA- Civil Rights Dates

when pressure was being put on politicians to have policies black people want as black voting was increasing

1950s

20% of black people in the south registered to vote

1956

murder of Emmett Till

August 1955

Dixiecrats split from Democrats

1948

Dixiecrats rejoined Democrats

1954

founding of NAACP

1909

Legal Defence Fund to help wrongly convicted black people with their appeals

1940

Plessy v Ferguson ruling

1896

founding of CORE

1942

founding of RCNL Mississippi

1951

Brown and 13 other parents went to court to fight for childrens right to go to closest school to them

1952

NAACP took all cases as Brown v Topeka to Supreme

1952

SC made no ruling and voted to hear more evidence for Brown v Topeka and try again

Dec 1952

Supreme Court ruled against Plessy v Ferguson

17th May 1954

Brown II case ruled desegregation of schools should happen as quickly as possible

May 1955

723 school districts desegregate

1957

WCC set up

July 1954

LR9 go to school

3 September 1957

second day of LR9 at school and Eckford didn’t go with group

4 September 1957

Faubus removed his troops

23rd September 1957

Eisenhower signed presidential order to send troops to Little Rock

24 September 1957

Harry F Byrd of Virginia said he would close public schools in his state if they tried to desegregate

25th February 1956

WPC set up

1946

Rosa Parks told to stand up on the bus but didn’t

1 December 1955

WPC called for one day boycott of buses

5 December 1955

MIA set up

5 December 1955

bus boycott decided to continue

8 December 1955

first carpools began

12 December 1955

King’s home bombed with his wife and child inside

30 January 1956

89 MIA members including King arrested for disrupting lawful business due to boycott

22 February 1956

NAACP filed Browder v Gayle against bus segregation

1 February 1956

Browder v Gayle came on trial

11 May 1956

court decided buses should be desegregated

5 June 1956

bus company appealed SC ruling

13 November 1956

SC upheld their desegregation decision

17 December 1956

MIA stopped the boycott

20 December 1956

first Civil Rights Act signed

9 September 1957

SCLC set up

January 1957

first sit in at Greensboro woolworths counter

1 February 1960

over 300 students working in shifts at counters

4 February 1960

Ella Baker invited student groups to meeting in Raleigh NC to plan protesting across south

15 April 1960

SNCC set up

15 April 1960

SC ordered the desegregation of bus station facilities in south

December 1960

first freedom rides left DC to go to south

4 May 1961

first freedom ride bus reached Anniston, Alabama

15 May 1961

ten riders took the bus from Nashville to Birmingham

17 May 1961

police escorted bus to just outside Montgomery and then left

20 May 1961

police escort accompanied bus from Montgomery to Jackson Mississippi

24 May 1961

federal gov said federal officers would enforce desegregation if states didn’t obey

1 Nov 1961

East Carolina University took its first black student with little violence

1962

James Meredith reapplied to University of Mississippi which had previously rejected him

1962

Meredith returned to register accompanied by 500 federal officials

30 September 1962

Meredith registered

1 October 1962

SNCC and NAACP organise campaign in Albany, Georgia

October 1961

SNCC, SCLC, ACMHR began Campaign C to end segregation in Birmingham

2 April 1963

6000 people marched in Birmingham

2-3 May 1963

march on Washington

28 August 1963

Freedom Summer set up by SNCC and CORE in Mississippi

summer 1964

Michael Schwerner, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney arrested

21 June 1964

their bodies found in car

23 June 1964

600 protestors marched from Selma to Montgomery- Bloody Sunday

7 March 1965

Johnson used executive order to escort marchers from Selma to Montgomery

21-24 March 1965

King led march and gave speech in Montgomery

25 March 1965

Civil Rights Act

2 July 1964

Voting Rights Act

1965

growth of black power began

1963

Malcolm X born

1925

Malcolm X went to prison for burglary and joined Nation of Islam in prison

1946

Malcolm X left NOI and started Muslim Mosque Inc

1964

Malcolm X assassinated

21 February 1965

Carmichael elected chairman of the SNCC

May 1966

James Meredith led March Against Fear through Mississippi

June 1966

Tommie Smith and John Carlos black power salute at olympics

1968

Black Panthers set up

October 1966

25 cities with panther groups

1968

years of major riots

1964-68

New York riot

July 1964

Watts district, LA riot

August 1965

Chicago and Cleveland riots

1966

Newark and Detroit riots

1967

SCLC announced plans for Chicago Freedom Movement and King went to Chicago

7 January 1966

assassination of MLK

4 April 1968

MLK’s funeral

9 April 1968

new Civil Rights Act passed

1968

SNCC changed N in its name from non-violent to national

1969

Nixon president

1969