JavaFX Final Exam Definitions

JavaFX exam review flashcards.

Abstract Class

• class that cannot be instantiated and

• may contain abstract methods and concrete methods

• used as class structure for subclasses to inherit from.

Abstraction

• Separating implementation from use

• Benefit is reducing complexity and increasing code reusability

Abstract Class

• class that cannot be instantiated and

• may contain abstract methods and concrete methods

• used as class structure for subclasses to inherit from.

Abstraction

• Separating implementation from use

• Benefit is reducing complexity and increasing code reusability

Abstract Method

• a method with no body that must be implemented by subclasses.

• delcared in abstract class or interface

Accessor/Getter

a method that accesses fields to get value but does not modify class field

Actual Parameter

value passed through parameter when it is called

Aggregation

A 'has-a' relationship where the part can exist independently of the whole.

AnimationTimer

A JavaFX class used to create frame-based animations.

Application

The base JavaFX class that must be extended to create an app.

ArrayList

A resizable array allowing storage and manipulation of a list of objects

Array

ordered list of items of the same data type

Binary search

search a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval into half

Block

section of code enclosed in braces {}.

BorderPane

A JavaFX layout pane with five regions: top, bottom, left, right, and center.

Button

A JavaFX control that triggers an action when clicked.

Byte code

output of the java complier javac(.class)

Catch block

handles/catches exceptions

Checked exception

An exception that must be either caught or declared at compile time

Class

A blueprint for building methods

Class contract

public methods and constants of that class

Code memory

Memory where byte code is stored during execution.

Color

A JavaFX class for defining colors.

Command-line arguments

Input values passed to main() when a program runs.

Comparable

An interface used for natural ordering of objects.

Concrete class

class that can be instantiated directly

Constructor

A special method used to create an object using the new keyword

Constructor chaining

Calling one constructor from another in the same class.

Deep Copy

stores copies of objects value.

Default

package-private only in same package

Dynamic Binding

Runtime decision to bind method calls to objects. (polymorphism) (overriding)

Equals

compares strings and returns true if they are equal

Encapsulation

• information hiding

• allows user to interact at a high level w/o knowing or seeing lower level details

• having private instance variables and setters/getters helps achieve encapsulation

Event-driven programming

flow of the program determined by events

Exception

An event that disrupts the normal flow of execution.

Explicit casting

force the conversion of a larger data type to a smaller data type

Finally clause

block code used with try-catch to make sure code is executed regardless of exceptions

FlowPane

A layout pane that wraps content in rows or columns.

For loop

loop with predetermined beginning end and increment

Garbage collection

JVM reclaims memory and no longer is used

GridPane

A layout pane that arranges nodes in a grid of rows and columns.

HBox

layout pane that arranges nodes horizontally.

Immutable

object whose state cannot be changed after creation (string, int)

Implicit casting

smaller data type converted to larger data type

Inheritance

a class inheriting properties and behaviors from another class

Insertion sort

comparison based sorting algorithm building the sorted array(or list) one element at a time

Instance

A single object created from a class.

Interface

class like structure containing constants and abstract methods

Interning

Storing only one copy of each distinct string value,shared by all references of that string

JavaFX

A Java library for building graphical user interfaces.

JVM

Java Virtual Machine, runs compiled Java byte code.

Lambda expression

A short way to write an anonymous method.

Layout

Arrangement of GUI components in a window.

Linear

linear search scans one item at a time

Linked list

A list of nodes where each node points to the next.

MouseListener

Interface for receiving mouse events like clicks.

MouseMotionListener

Interface for receiving mouse motion events.

Mutator/Setter

A method used to modify the value of a private field.

No-arg

A constructor with no parameters.

Null

A special value indicating no object.

Object

grouping of data(variables) and operation that can be performed on data(methods)

Overloading

multiple methods with the same name but different signatures

Overriding

multiple methods with same name and parameters as the base class

Package

used to group related classes

Pass-by-reference

• Passing a reference to the actual object

• where formal parameter acts as an alias for actual parameter

Pass-by-value

• Passing a copy of the value

• invokes a method with parameters, value to argument is passed to the parameter

.

Polymorphism

using subclasses and subtypes where superclass is expected

Primitive

built in immutable data types like int, boolean, double.

Procedural programming

Programming with procedures or routines.

Private

Access modifier that restricts access to within the class.

Properties

fields+getters/setters

Protected

Access modifier that allows access within the same package and subclasses.

Public

Access modifier allowing access from anywhere.

Reference

A variable that holds the memory address of an object (refers to object)

Runtime heap

• memory area where objects created with new are stored and managed by garbage collecter

• objects, arrays, instance variables

Runtime stack

• Memory that stores method calls and local variables.

• activation record at runtime last-in first out fashion memory area

Scene

• JavaFx Container holds everything that’s shown in the window.

• You can only set one Scene per Stage at a time.

• A Scene needs a root node (often a Pane) that holds other UI elements.

Scope

The region where a variable is accessible.

Selection sort

A sorting algorithm that repeatedly selects the minimum element.

Shallow copy

stores the references of the object to the original memory address

StackPane

A layout pane that stacks nodes on top of each other.

Stage

• Think of the Stage as the window (like a browser or app window).

• It’s the top-level container in JavaFX.

• You get it in the start(Stage stage) method.

• You set the Scene onto the Stage.

start()

The method in Application that sets up the UI.

Static

modifier used to describe variable shared by all instances of a class can be used without instantiation of its class

StringBuffer

A thread-safe, mutable sequence of characters, syncronized for string modification

StringBuilder

A non-thread-safe, mutable sequence of character, unsyncronized

Stub

A placeholder method or class not yet implemented.

super()

A call to the superclass constructor.

Swing

An older Java GUI toolkit.

this()

A call to another constructor in the same class.

Throws clause

Declares exceptions a method can throw.

Try block

A block that wraps code which may throw an exception.

UML

Unified Modeling Language; used for visualizing object-oriented designs.

VBox

A layout pane that arranges nodes vertically.

Wrapper

• built in classes there to augment(enhance) primitive type wrapper class

• immutable

== equality operator

Compares primitive values or object references.

no specifier

aka package-private

test bench

seperate program whose sole purpose is to check a method returns correct output values for variety of input values

ragged array

array with same number of rows different number of columns

index

element location in array

element

item in array

why use methods

allow for code reusability modular implementation