Practice TestTake a test on your terms and definitions
Spaced RepetitionScientifically backed study method
Matching GameHow quick can you match all your cards?
FlashcardsStudy terms and definitions
1 / 138
There's no tags or description
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
139 Terms
1
cerebral angiography
X-ray of the blood vessels in the brain after a contrast medium (dye) has been injected; used to diagnose a CVA and other injuries and disorders of the brain.
New cards
2
electroencephalogram (EEG)
Record of the electrical impulses in the brain; used to diagnose neurological conditions that affect brain function and level of consciousness.
New cards
3
lumbar puncture (LP); spinal tap
Insertion of a needle between two lumbar vertebrae (in the lower spine) to remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic evaluation or therapeutic treatment; commonly used to diagnose meningitis.
New cards
4
positron emission tomography (PET)
Procedure that uses nuclear medicine and computerized tomography to generate images of the brain; commonly used to diagnose a CVA, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy. Also called a brain scan.
New cards
5
reflex testing
Diagnostic test in which a part of the body is percussed (tapped) with a reflex hammer or other diagnostic stimulus to measure the presence and strength of muscular reflexes.
New cards
6
Babinski sign
Reflex in which the toes curl upward when the plantar surface (sole) of the foot is stimulated. A positive Babinski sign in an adult or child older than two years of age indicates a disorder in the brain or nervous system.
New cards
7
carotid endarterectomy
Surgical removal of fatty deposits in one or both carotid arteries (arteries that supply blood to the brain); commonly used to prevent a CVA.
New cards
8
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Form of psychotherapy or mental health counseling wherein the goal is to help the client to gain an improved awareness of negative thought processes and adopt strategies for counteracting negative thinking.
New cards
9
craniectomy
Surgical removal of part of the skull to gain access to the brain; most commonly used to treat swelling in the brain.
New cards
10
diskectomy
Surgical removal of a herniated (protruding) vertebral disk.
New cards
11
nerve block
Injection of a local or regional anesthetic or anesthesia to prevent pain in an area near a nerve.
New cards
12
anesthetic
Drug that causes a reversible loss of sensation or pain; used to deaden pain temporarily.
New cards
13
Hemiplegia
is when half of the same side of your body is paralyzed
New cards
14
Paraplegia
is when both legs (and sometimes torso) are paralyzed
New cards
15
Quadriplegia
is when all limbs and torso are paralyzed
New cards
16
Hemiplegia (specific cause)
trauma above the C6 portion of spinal cord
New cards
17
Paraplegia (specific cause)
trauma to the thoracic vertebrae (T2-T12)
New cards
18
Quadriplegia (specific cause)
SCI to C1 down to T1
New cards
19
Encephalocele
Herniation of brain tissue through a gap in the skull
New cards
20
Encephalocele (congenital)
Congenital (present at birth)
New cards
21
Bell's Palsy
Unilateral (one-sided) paralysis of the nerves that control the facial muscles, causing one side of the face to droop.
New cards
22
Cerebral Aneurysm
Abnormal, localized (limited to one area) dilation of a blood vessel in the cerebrum.
New cards
23
Cerebral Aneurysm (specifics)
Usually, the dilation occurs in an artery. Cerebral aneurysms may place pressure on a nerve or other brain tissues and may rupture, causing severe complications.
New cards
24
Dyslexia
A learning disorder characterized by difficulty in recognizing and comprehending written language.
New cards
25
Hydrocephalus
Accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid inside the ventricles of the brain, which causes cephalomegaly (enlargement of the head) and may cause brain damage; commonly seen in young children.
New cards
26
Alzheimer's Disease
Deterioration of the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain.
New cards
27
Alzheimer's Disease (symptoms)
Type of dementia; irreversible memory loss, deterioration of intellect, speech, and movement disturbances, disorientation.
New cards
28
Parkinson's Disease
Chronic, degenerative CNS disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait.
New cards
29
Parkinson's Disease (cause)
Gradual progressive loss of control over movements due to inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain.
New cards
30
Seizure
Disruption of electrical activity in the brain.
New cards
31
Seizure (types)
Grand mal: violent muscle contractions and loss of consciousness (tonic-clonic seizure); Petit mal (absence seizure): brief, sudden lapse of consciousness, usually characterized by vacant staring for 10-15 seconds.
New cards
32
Traumatic Brain Injury
Blow to the head or a penetrating head injury that damages the brain.
New cards
33
Concussion
May result in temporary loss of awareness and brain functions.
New cards
34
Concussion (symptoms)
Memory loss, impaired coordination, difficulty with balance, dizziness.
New cards
35
Contusion
Bruise to the brain, can cause bleeding and swelling in the brain.
New cards
36
Cranial hematoma
A mass of blood that forms between skull and dura mater as a result of the brain colliding against the skull, creates pressure on the brain.
New cards
37
Stroke (CVA)
Death of brain tissue that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted because a blood vessel is either blocked or has ruptured.
New cards
38
Ischemic Stroke
Blood vessel in brain becomes blocked.
New cards
39
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Weakened blood vessel ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding tissue of the brain, putting pressure on the brain tissue.
New cards
40
Stroke recognition
F: Face dropping; A: Arm weakness; S: Speech difficulties; T: Time to call 911.
New cards
41
Multiple Sclerosis
Progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath. Symptoms: weakness of numbness, uncoordinated movements.
Studied by 0 people
