Histology Quiz 7

spleen

Only lymphoid organ that specifically filters blood

spleen

abdominal organ with both immune andnon-immune functions

Lymph nodes

encapsulated immune organs distributed along lymphatic vessels

lymph node

what secondary lymphoid tissue?

transient MALT

what secondary lymphoid tissue?

peyer’s patches

what secondary lymphoid tissue?

MALT

immune cells diffusely distributed throughout linings \n (mucosa) of digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts

recycling of old RBCs

additional non-immune function of spleen

intermingled red and white pulp

interior of spleen

capsule

outer region of spleen

RBC recycling

function of red pulp

immune fuction

fuction of white pulp

stave cells

specialized cells that line sinuses in the spleen to create gaps

healthy

what type of rbcs are inside sinusoids?

red pulp, white pulp

1 and 2

sinusoid, stave cells

identify the outlined spleen structure and the cells in it

digestion and nutrient absorption

fuctions of digestive system

GI tract

long, continuous, compartmentalized tube \\n through which food moves

oral mucosa

– Tissues lining the inside of the mouth (inner lips, \n cheeks, palates) \n – Consists of epithelium and underlying CT

stratified squamous non-keratinized

what type of epithelium in the oral mucosa?

loose ct then dense irregular ct w/ structures

underlies epitheium in oral mucosa

mechanical breakdown of food and sense of taste

fuction of tongue

skeletal

internal muscle in tounge

papillae

line dorsal surface of tounge to assist w/ food breakdown and taste

alternating perpendicular layers

how are the fascicles of the tongue arranged to allow movement in multiple directions?

lingual tonsils

occupies posterior third of toungue

filliform

\-papillae that are pointed for friction during chewing; most abundant

– No taste buds

fungiform

Abundant papillae, rounded tops, with taste buds

Vallate

– Large, only 8-12, at back of tongue \n – Abundant taste buds and salivary glands

foliate

* papillae on sides of tongue \n – Rounded; with tastebuds

filiform

what type of papillae have partially keratinized epithelium?

fungiform have taste buds on top, foliate have them on the sides

how do foliate and fungiform papillae differ structurally?

vallate

what type of papillae have moats along their sides?

taste receptor cells

taste bud cells that sense flavor through microvilli and generate signal; larger nuclei

basal cells

act as stem cells; smaller and located at bottom of taste bud

pore

opening that allows taste receptor cells access tofood

nerve

transmits info from taste bud to brain

filiform

what type of papillae?

vallate

what type of papillae?

foliate

what type of papillae?

fungiform

what type of papillae?

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa

four layers always present in GI tract (inner to outer)

epithelium, lamina propria (loose ct), muscularis mucosum

what makes up the mucosa layer of GI tract

thin layer of smooth muscle in mucosa

what is the muscularis mucosum?

dense irregular CT and embedded strusctures

components of submucosa

smooth muscle layers

what makes up the muscularis externa

outer mesothelium, connects to hold organs in place

what is the serosa

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

layers of GI tract

carry food from oral cavity to stomach

primary function of esophagus

non-keratinized stratified squamous

epithelium found in esophagus mucosa

mucous glands

glands embedded in esophagus submucosa

mucous glands

– Lined with simple columnar or cuboidal epithelium with pale staining secretions, ducts connect to lumen \n –helps lubricate food and protect epithelium

top of esophagus muscularis

where might you find skeletal muscle in the GI tract?

2

how many layers typically present in esophageal muscularis

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa

name the esophageal layers (inside to outside)

chemical and mechanical digestion, storage of food

stomach functions

cardiac, fundic, body, pyloric

4 regions of stomach

thick, layered smooth muscle for mechanical digestion

characteristics of stomach muscularis, why?

rugae

folds in stomach submucosa that can stretch to increase stomach size

gastric pits

glands in stomach mucosa

chemical digestion

function of stomach mucosa glands/ secretory cells

pits, glands

Stomach epithelium is flat on top, but has invaginations called gastric _________ that lead to g______

cardiac and pyloric stomachs, they don’t contribute to chemical digestion, only produce mucous

which stomach regions have less extensive pits and glands? why?

surface mucous cells

\-Line the gastric pits \n – Pronounced columnar shape \n – Mucous secretions will result in lightly staining cytoplasm

mucous neck cells

\-Located in isthmus/neck, and less columnar than surface cells

\-light staining cytoplasm form mucous secretion

parietal cells

\-Located in neck and gastric glands \n – Secrete HCl into lumen for chemical digestion, and bicarbonate ions into submucosa to neutralize pH

acidophilic due to lots of mitochondria

staining of parietal cell and why

acidophilic and non-polarized with central nuclei

Appearance of parietal cells

secrete digestive enzymes for chemical digestion

function of chief cells

Basophilic and polarized

Appearance of chief cells

surface mucous cells, parietal cells, chief cells

1, arrows, 2

chemical digestion, nutrient absorption

small intestine functions

plica

permenant folds in walls of small intestine that increase surface area

villi

intestine projections towards lumen to increase SA with internal structure formed by lamina propria

microvillae

projections from apical surface of epithelial cells to increase surface area

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, plicae, villae

1,2,3,4,5

crypts

invaginations at bases of villi