Forces, Movement & Changing State

Upthrust

: upward force on objects in a fluid.

Friction

is the force which opposes the motion of an object.

Upthrust

: upward force on objects in a fluid.

Friction

is the force which opposes the motion of an object.

Tension

: forces stretching an object.

Compression

: force squeezing on an object.

Electrostatic

: force between two objects with charge.

limit of proportionality

The is where if more force is added, the object extends and does not return to its original shape when the force is removed (inelastically deformed)

Hookes Law

is a phenomenon which states that the extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied, up to the limit of proportionality.

Inelastic deformation

: when objects remain stretched and dont return completely to original shape (even after stretching force is removed)

Thrust

: force pushing a vehicle.

Air Resistance

: force of friction between objects falling through air.

Weight

is the force acting on an object due to gravitational attraction.

Road Conditions

: wet and icy roads make it harder to decelerate.

Mass

is related to the amount of matter in an object, while weight is a force of gravity on a(n) .

Driver Reaction Time

: being tired or intoxicated increases reaction time.

direction of travel

Changes in direction: change the .

Friction

impedes motion, resulting in heating.

compression

Changes in shape: stretching, , deformation.

air resistance

Falling objects experience both weight and .

Changes in speed

speeding up, slowing down

Changes in direction

change the direction of travel

Changes in shape

stretching, compression, deformation

Gravitational

force between two objects with mas

Electrostatic

force between two objects with charge

Thrust

force pushing a vehicle

Upthrust

upward force on objects in a fluid

Air Resistance

force of friction between objects falling through air

Compression

force squeezing on an object

Tension

forces stretching an object

Reaction Force

force between two objects in contact

Vehicle speed

greater speed means greater braking distance

Vehicle mass

heavy vehicle means greater braking distance

Road Conditions

wet and icy roads make it harder to decelerate

Driver Reaction Time

being tired or intoxicated increases reaction time

Elastic deformation

when objects return to their original shape after stretching force is removed

Inelastic deformation

when objects remain stretched and dont return completely to original shape (even after stretching force is removed)

terminal velocity

Initially, there is no air resistance and the only force acting is the weight

As it falls, it accelerates, increasing speed and air resistance

Resultant force downwards decreases

Acceleration decreeases

Equal and opposite forces and balance, no resultant force

No acceleration, terminal velocity is reached