Glomerular Filtration

What force drives filtration at glomerulus

blood pressure/hydrostatic pressure

Glomerular filtration is a process of____ drive by the ____ of blood

bulk flow, hydrostatic pressure (HPg)

Common components of filtrate are divided in 4 categories

a. organic molecules: glucose, AA
b. nitrogenous waste: urea, uric acid, creatinine
c. ions = sodium, potassium, chloride
d. water

Blood pressure in the glomerulus is about

60 mm Hg

What 2 pressure oppose filtration and what are their values

capsular hydrostatic pressure (fluid in capsule) = HPc, 15mmHg
glomerular osmotic pressure = OPg, 28mmHg

What is normal net filtration pressure

17 mm Hg

What is glomerular filtration rate

125 ml/min

How much plasma is filter per day with normal glomerular filtration rate

180L

In an exercising individual, the affer artiole will ___ to avoid excess fluid loss

constrict

Two mechanisms that provide autoregulatory control over renal processes include

a. myogenic response: inherent tendency of VSM to constrict when stretched by BP (high BP = VC, low BP = VD)
b. tubuloglomerular mechanism: macula densa cells detected NaCl

High osmolarity (high Na+ and Cl-) in ascending L.O.H (macula densa) will cause afferent arterioles to ____ by releasing ____

constrict, vasoconstrictor chemical
     - decrease in NaCl = release less VC, 
     - stim granular cells (JG) release renin

In extreme stress, SNS override autoregulation. An increase in sympathetic flow to kidney will result in what two important effects that will aid maintenance of BP

a. constriction of renal arteries
b. shunt blood to other areas to reduce effects of blood loss