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59 Terms

1

What are the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution collectively known as?

The Bill of Rights

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2

Which type of crime are the police primarily concerned with stopping?

Street crime

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3

Who has the authority to make arrests and to legitimately use force?

Sworn officers

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4

Which piece of legislation gave the government new powers in collecting information on citizens?

The USA Patriot Act

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5

What are the goals police hope to achieve called?

Ends

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6

What is an example of using illegal means to achieve 'good ends'?

Planting evidence to catch a known drug dealer

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7

What is called an individual’s internal sense of proper conduct?

Morality

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8

What influences discretionary decisions made by police officers while performing their duties?

Ethical standards

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9

What are the methods employed by police when pursuing their goals called?

Means

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10

What type of police behavior does the media tend to focus on?

Bad behavior

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11

Illegal and/or unethical means are referred to as what type of means?

Dirty means

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12

What is the best source of knowledge about the police?

Research

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13

When officers use their own judgment in making decisions about how to handle a situation, they are using their what?

Discretion

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14

What involves the systematic collection and analysis of data?

Research

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15

What is an example of a discretionary decision for police?

Ticketing a motorist

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16

What is a way for police departments to increase transparency?

The use of Body Worn Cameras

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17

What is unique to policing and separates it from all other occupations?

The authority to use force in many situations

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18

What is an example of an unethical but legal police action?

Lying to a suspect in an interrogation

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19

When a person with a poor perception of the police interacts with the police, how are they likely to rate their experience?

Negatively

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20

When government power is increased, what happens to the rights of citizens?

They decrease

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21

What provides greater transparency and accountability over police actions in situations where deadly force may be used?

Body cameras

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22

What strongly influences citizens’ evaluations of interactions with police officers?

Previously held beliefs about the police

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23

Who typically hires and fires police chiefs in many cities?

Mayors

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24

Effectively policing a free society is what?

A challenge

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25

Where do police spend a majority of their time?

Public

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26

What does the Federal Bureau of Investigation combat significantly?

Predatory crimes

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27

Discretionary decision-making is what in policing?

Common

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28

What is the most controversial discretionary decision made by police officers?

Use of force

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29

What has been highly controversial regarding police actions?

The use of deadly force against unarmed subjects

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30

What is an example of a police action that does not have 'good ends'?

Soliciting sex

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31

What were the first appointed law enforcement officials in Colonial America called?

Constables

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32

What was a group of armed male citizens summoned by the sheriff during the settlement of the American West called?

The posse

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33

Where was the first police department in the United States created?

Boston

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34

Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery?

The 13th Amendment

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35

What limited the rights of African American citizens after the Civil War?

Black codes

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36

Which law enforcement agency served as the model for American police departments in the mid-1800s?

London Metropolitan Police Department

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37

During the mid-1800s, most police agencies in the U.S. operated at what level?

Local

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38

What were the first women hired by U.S. police departments called in the late 1800s?

Police matrons

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39

What Supreme Court ruling led to a substantial drop in the number of Black police officers?

Civil Rights Act of 1875

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40

During which era of policing was corruption widespread and tied to political party affiliation?

Political era

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41

What method of identification used by police involved 11 measurements of a person?

Bertillonage system

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42

What were specialized police officers created in the late 1800s called?

Detectives

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43

What was the compensation called for historical detectives providing testimony in court?

Witness fee

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44

What method involved 'rounding up the usual suspects'?

Dragnet

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45

Historically, what was the practice of using force against suspects during interrogation called?

The third degree

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46

What was the first state-level police agency created in 1905?

Pennsylvania

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47

Which federal agency created in 1909 has developed a crime laboratory and provides training?

Federal Bureau of Investigation

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48

During which decade did the crime rate in the U.S. double and notable policing decisions occur?

1960s

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49

What concept involves community input in crime problem-solving?

Problem-oriented policing

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50

What era of policing is characterized by new research on police, crime, and criminal justice issues?

Community problem-solving era

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51

What often resulted from the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 regarding police?

They became more militarized

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52

Who is largely credited with creating the London Metropolitan Police Department?

Sir Robert Peel

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53

What early criminal justice research finding indicated motorized patrols do not prevent crime?

Motorized patrols do not prevent crime.

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54

In what year did the Supreme Court rule against prolonged beatings in extracting confessions?

1936

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55

What did Herman Goldstein argue regarding problem-oriented policing?

Police should be more problem-oriented and less incident driven.

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56

What is referred to as the number of distinct units and supervisory levels in an organization?

Specialization

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57

What unit is tasked with investigating complaints against officers?

Internal Affairs

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58

Which type of law enforcement agency is responsible for enforcing laws in towns without their own police departments?

Sheriff's Department

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59

Which federal department includes the primary law enforcement agencies?

Department of Justice

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