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what is correlational analysis
measures the extent of the relationship between two co-variables
what do correlations measure
the relationship between two co-variables
what is a positive correlation
the co-variables increase or decrease together
what is a negative correlation
one variable increases as one variable decreases
what is zero correlation
there is no relationship between the two variables
what are strengths of correlations
allows researchers to investigate situations which would be ethically or impractically impossible to investigate
preliminary research- studies can indicate trends which may lead to further research using experimental means to establish casual links- meaning it can help prevent time waste for carrying out unrealistic experiments
what are limitations of correlations
cannot establish cause and effect - it is just a relationship its not a secure - it tells us they are related but does not tell us why they are related
third variable problems- there may be unknown variables that can explain why the two co-variables link
what is a correlation coefficient
a number that tells us the strength and direction of the relationship between the two variables
what should you do when looking for the strength in the correlation coeffieint
ignore the +/- and look for the higher number
what does the + and the - mean in the correlation coefficient
+ means its a positive correlation
- means its a negative correlation
