Franciscans and Dominicans, the First Mendicant Orders

What was the traditional principle of monasticism before the 13th century?

The traditional principle of monasticism was to withdraw from the world, behind a "cloister," living off the work of the monks and the land surrounding the monastery.

What significant change happened at the turn of the 13th century in religious life?

At the turn of the 13th century, two major figures broke with the traditional practice and believed that religious could also go into cities to meet others and live off public charity, founding the mendicant orders.

Who founded the first mendicant order?

Saint Dominic de Guzmán founded the first mendicant order, the Dominicans.

What was Saint Dominic's mission in the Pyrenees?

Saint Dominic's mission in the Pyrenees was to combat the Cathar religion, which he considered heretical, through preaching in towns and villages.

What was the Dominican Order also known as?

The Dominican Order was also known as the "Order of Preachers" or "Dominicans."

Who founded the Franciscan Order?

Saint Francis of Assisi founded the Franciscan Order.

What was Saint Francis's background and his mission?

Saint Francis came from a wealthy family in central Italy, but he sought to live in poverty and humility, aiming to convert Muslims through peaceful dialogue during the Crusades.

What was the Franciscan Order also called?

The Franciscan Order was also called the "Order of Friars Minor," meaning "humble" or "small."

Who was Saint Francis's close disciple and what did she found?

Saint Francis's close disciple, Saint Clare, founded the Order of Poor Ladies, known as the "Clares" or "Poor Clares."