Vocabulary Review - General and Academic English

Comprehensive vocabulary list based on classroom lecture notes, covering academic terms, phrasal verbs, idioms, and descriptive adjectives.

valuable

Worth a great deal of money or extremely useful/important.

especially

To a great extent; very much; particularly.

swapping

The act of exchanging one thing for another.

conducted

Organized and carried out a particular activity or process.

divided

Separated into parts or pieces.

incorporating

Including something as part of a whole.

common

Found or happening often; prevalent.

aid

Help, support, or assistance given to someone.

impact

A marked effect or influence on someone or something.

harm

Physical injury or damage that is done to someone or something.

chalk

A soft white limestone used for writing or drawing.

attendance

The action or state of being present at a place or event.

detention

A punishment in which a student is required to stay at school after classes.

handout

A piece of printed information provided to people, such as students in a class.

syllabus

An outline or summary of the topics to be covered in an education course.

manage to

To succeed in doing or dealing with something difficult.

policy

A set of ideas or a plan of what to do in particular situations that has been agreed to officially.

time off

A period of time when you do not work or study, often to rest or do something else.

convinced

Completely certain about something.

ensuring

Making certain that something will occur or be the case.

spoil

To diminish or destroy the value or quality of something.

awestruck

Filled with or revealing awe; being very impressed and surprised.

be blown away by sth

To be extremely impressed or surprised by something.

be down in the dumps about sth

To feel unhappy, depressed, or discouraged about something.

gear up

To prepare yourself or a piece of equipment for an activity.

paving

A surface made of flat stones or bricks, typically for a path or road.

amongst

In the middle of; surrounded by; in the company of.

trial

A test of the performance, qualities, or suitability of someone or something; a process.

alike

In a similar way; looking or being very similar.

scheme

A large-scale systematic plan or arrangement for putting a particular idea into effect.

win-win situation

A result or situation that is good for everyone who is involved.

collaboration

The action of working with someone to produce or create something.

drawback

A feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage or problem.

provide

To make available for use; to supply.

come up with

To suggest or think of an idea or a plan.

keep up with

To move or progress at the same rate as someone or something else.

make up for

To take the place of something lost or damaged or to compensate for something bad.

catch up

To reach the same point/level as someone else after being at a lower level.

run out of

To finish a supply of something so that you have no more left.

get on with

To have a good relationship with someone.

referred

Directed or sent to a person or place for help, information, or a decision.

cope with

To deal effectively with something difficult.

benefit from

To receive an advantage or profit from something.

time management

The process of organizing and planning how to divide your time between specific activities.

problem-solving skills

The ability to find solutions to difficult or complex issues.

pensioners

People who receive a pension, especially people who have retired from work.

struggle

To make a very great effort in order to do something difficult.

rely on

To depend on or trust someone or something.

lead to

To result in or cause something to happen.

boast

To talk with excessive pride and self-satisfaction about one's achievements or possessions.

realise

To become fully aware of something as a fact; to understand clearly.

renewable energy

Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.

leisure

Use of free time for enjoyment.

handy

Convenient to handle or use; useful.

inner city

The central part of a city, especially the part where people live and there are often social problems.

winding

A road or path that is not straight and has many bends or twists.

urban

Relating to, or characteristic of a town or city.

local facilities

Buildings, equipment, or services that are provided for the public in a specific area.

float

To rest or move on or near the surface of a liquid without sinking.

straddle

To sit or stand with one leg on either side of something.

suspend

To hang something from something else.

tiring

Causing one to feel exhausted or to need sleep.

city walls

The historical defensive structures used to protect a city.

housing crisis

A situation in which there is a significant shortage of affordable homes.

traffic sign

A sign that gives information or instructions to road users.

at any rate

Whatever the case may be; in any case.

on purpose

Intentionally; not by accident.

lose your temper

To suddenly become very angry.

lose track of time

To fail to notice how much time has passed.

make a fuss

To show unnecessary or excessive excitement, anxiety, or complaint about something.

amenities

Desirable or useful features of a building or place.

ancestral

Of, belonging to, or inherited from an ancestor or ancestors.

deteriorating

Becoming progressively worse.

driverless

Not requiring a human driver; autonomous.

foul

Having a disgusting smell or taste; very unpleasant.

increasingly

More and more; to an increasing degree.

insulated

Protected from loss of heat or intrusion of sound; isolated.

man-made

Made or caused by human beings rather than occurring naturally.

network

A group or system of interconnected people or things.

pedestrians

People walking rather than traveling in a vehicle.

skyline

The outline of buildings or objects seen against the sky.

subterranean

Existing, situated, or operating below the surface of the earth.

yelling

A loud, sharp cry or shout of pain, surprise, or excitement.

superior

Higher in rank, status, or quality.

rooting

Providing support or encouragement for someone or something.

jinxing

Bringing bad luck to something or someone.

seldom

Not often; rarely.

spectators

People who watch at a show, game, or other event.

involve

To include or contain as a necessary part or result.

schedules

Plans of procedure, as of activities or project steps, for a proposed objective.

darts

An indoor game in which small missiles are thrown at a circular board.

show off

To boastfully display one's abilities or accomplishments.

work out

To exercise in order to improve health or physical fitness.

take on

To hire or employ someone.

knock out

To make someone unconscious, especially in a boxing match.

count on sb

To rely or depend on a person.

headset

A set of headphones, typically with a microphone attached.

track

A prepared course or circuit for racing or athletes.

let-down

A disappointment; an event that is not as good as expected.

rearrange

To change the position, time, or order of something.