Nursing 252 Module 1

Refernet

Power is obtained by utilizing close, personal relationships( respect ) to change the actions of others. - Make sure you know some examples

Expert

Power is gained because of knowledge, skil, and experience ( can be of a group as well). - Make sure you know some examples

Reward

Power is gained by the ability to grants rewards to others. - Make sure you know some examples

Coercive

Power is gained through pushimet. Make sure you know some examples

Legitimate

Power is gained through the ability to give orders. - Make sure you know some examples

Collective

Power is gained through a group. - Make sure you know some examples

Political action

In - house politics

local gov

school boards

Non - profits

local political organizations

Gain experience

personal unity

What are ways nurses can gain power?

Helath care was the result of trial and error and during times of war

How did health care evolve?

men were in battlefield and women were nurses

How was the demographic made?

Evil spirits were thought to cause sick nessnes

How was religion incorporated into the health care?

Illness

Plasgues

Injuries

Infections

What was the main concern in early civilizations?

It encouraged community health because people now live close together. This created occupational health nurses.

How did the industrial revolution foster change?

they were originally organised to provide nursing care in the city hospitals but expanded their services to include home care and orphanages for abandoned children

What were the sisters of charity

Florence Nightingale

Developed first nursing philosophy for health maintenance and restoration .

Noticed a link between poor sanitation and diseases because of that she developed ways to improves sanitation and death rates dropped from 42.7% to 2.2% ( in 6 months )

Developed first organized nursing training

first epidemiologist ( the study of how disease spreads)

purs was very poor, hospitals were often seen and places to die and called “ house of horror”

How did our health care compared to Europe?

He founded pennsylvania Hospital, mainly for the mentally ill.

what hospital did benjamin franklin found?

The Philadelphia Dispensary - poreid free outpatients, surgical obstetrical and medical services.

What hospital did the quakers found?

Schools of nursing, (usually under the control of the religiou orders, ) were beginning to be established. despite the need for nurses in the hospitals most were still at homes. Hospitals were still last resort

What happened to nursing education during the Revolutionary war?

Existing health care was overwhelmed and neither side did not have very organized care.

Infection was the biggest killer

Demand for nurses was increased

How did the Civil war change nursing?

The North, they had around 6,000 while the south had 1,000.

More nurses = more soldiers

Who had more nurses duing the civlil war?

The Red Rover - staffed by the sisters of mercy

Where did the Navy nsures stay?

During the CIvil war

When did the American Red Cross and Army Nurse corps have their Begging?

The need for them increased by a lot!! At beginning = 400 and At end 21,000

How did WW1 affect nurses? How many did we start with and end with

They contributed to a large amount of nurses as many as 10,000

How did the Red Cross affet WW1?

The educations and quality of nurses declined but we did have advamens of public health and more programs were made.

How was the teaching of nurse affected during WW1?

The Bolton Nurse training Act and Cadet Nurse Corps were established.

Minimal discrimination was present

What was established during WW2?

a program where students got school paid for but then were obligated to work in the hospital or military for 2-4 years. Was stated/esablihed during WW2

What was the Bolton Nurse Training Act and Cadet Nurse Corps?

Increase in medical knowledge,

antibiotics

increed in medical knowledge

New Surgical techniques

Dialysis

Specialty Units

X-rays

laboratory test

Transfusions

and ER

What changes and advancements happed during WW2

They became centralized institutions for delivering health care

How did hospitals change during WW2

“ Quick - fix” methods were used - LPN programs and ADN programs were also started.

but bachelor of science degrees and professional nursing also grew

Most of the problems in today’s nursing can be traced back to this period.

How did we meet to the nursing shortage after WW2 and how did it affect today?

It became more research focused

Movement to universities

Further development of Army and Navy Nurse Corps

specialization also aroused more.

How did nursusing shift in the 20th century

Changing Curriculums( Bioterrorism, emerging infections, disaster management ) - think like we now have a base, and what can we do with said base.

Nursing Shortage and aging population ( baby boomers are now becoming older )

Advances in technology ( think: what is the 21st century famous for? )

Rising health care cost ( Like DUH )

we also are now able to address nurse self care.

How did nursing change in the 21st century

Isabel Hampton Robb

She helped Improve the nursing education.

implened grading system

The first superintendent of nursing hospital( John hopkins ) and became president of americans nursing association

Lillian Wald

Coined the term public health nurse and began the social work programs that we see now.

Developed the henry street settlement in NYC

School Nurses

Lavinia Dock

Wrote a book called Materis Medical for nurses - 1st durg book

Was also a social reformer

Annie Goodrich

Best know for establishing the United States Reserve ( army school of nursing)

When she was superintes at NY postgraduate hospital and decided students needed at least a High School diploma to get in

Also was the president of the International council of nurse

Become the superinted of the army school of nursing

connection of army

Mary Mahoney

First Black professionally trained licensed in the us

created the national association of colored graduate nurses

Loretta Ford

Helped filled the gap in the rural areas of the world

She created the 1st Nurse practitioner

Patricia Benner

Water the book novice to expert and wrote about a nurse can go from a novice to an expert.

5 steps and very influential

Used as framework for the clinical ladder system