ANAT102 upper limb muscles

Anterior axio-appendicular

Pec major

• shoulder adduction

• shoulder medial rot

• clavicular head - flexion of shoulder

Pec minor

• scapula depression

• scapula protraction

• scapula downward rot

Serratus anterior

• scapula protraction

• scapula upward rot

Posterior axio-appedicular

Latissimus dorsi

• shoulder extension

• shoulder adduction

• shoulder medial rotation

Trapezius

• Upper: scapula elevation + upward rot

• Middle: scapula retraction

• Lower: scapula depression + upward rot

Rhomboid maj +min

• scapula retraction

• scapula downward rotation

Levator scapulae

• scapula elevation

• scapula downward rot

Scapulohumeral

Deltoid

• anterior: shoulder flexion + internal rot

• middle: shoulder abduction

• posterior: shoulder extension + lateral rotation

Teres major

• shoulder adduction

• shoulder internal rot

• shoulder extension of flexed shoulder

Rotator cuff

Supraspinatus

• initiates abduction of shoulder

Infraspinatus

• shoulder external rot

Teres minor

• shoulder external rot

Subscapularis

• shoulder internal rot

Muscles of arm - anterior

Biceps Brachii

• shoulder flexion

• elbow flexion

• forearm supination

Brachialis

• elbow flexion

Coracobrachialis

• shoulder flexion

• shoulder adduction

Muscles of arm - posterior

Triceps brachii

• elbow extension

• long head: shoulder extension + adduction

Anterior forearm - superficial layer

Pronator teres

• forearm pronation

• elbow flexion

Flexor carpi radialis

• wrist flexion + radial deviation

• elbow flexion

Palmaris longus

• wrist flexion

Flexor carpi ulnaris

• wrist flexion + ulnar deviation

Anterior forearm - middle layer

Flexor digitorum superficialis

• flexion of MCP and 2-5 PIP

• wrist flexion

Anterior forearm - deep layer

Flexor digitorum profundus

• flexion of all joints 2-5 digits

• wrist flexion

Flexor pollicis longus

• flexion of all joints of digit 1

Pronator quadratus

• forearm pronation

Posterior forearm - superficial layer

Brachioradialis

• elbow flexion when forearm mid prone

Extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis

• wrist extension + radial deviation

Extensor digitorum

• extension of digits 2-5

• extension of wrist

Extensor digiti minimi

• digit 5 extension

• wrist extension

Extensor carpi ulnaris

• wrist extension + ulnaris

Posterior forearm - deep layer

Abductor pollicis longus

• digit 1 abduction

Extensor pollicis longus

• extension of all digit 1 joints

• wrist extension + radial deviation

Extensor pollicis brevis

• extension of CMC and MCP of digit 1

• wrist extension + radial deviation

Extensor indicis

• digit 2 extension

• wrist extension

Anconeus

• elbow extension

• slightly extend and abduct ulna during pronation without translation

Supinator

• forearm supination

Hand - thenar eminence

Abductor pollicis brevis

Flexor pollicis brevis

Opponens pollicis

Hand - hypothenar eminence

Abductor digit minimi

Flexor digit minimi brevis

Opponens digiti minimi

Other Hand muscles

Adductor pollicis

Lumbricals (4x)

Dorsal interossei (4x)

Palmar interossei (3x)

Palmaris brevis