Biology: Energetics

The energy in most foods comes from...

Sunlight

The principal compound that living things use to store energy in is...

ATP

Plants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules called...

Pigments

The structure that contains chlorophyll are the...

Thylakoids

If you were to isolate the stroma, it would appear...

Green

In cell respiration, ATP synthesis depends directly on the availability of...

Glucose

The light-dependent reactions supply the Calvin cycle with ATP and...

NADPH

Plants use the energy in ATP and NADPH to build high energy sugars during the...

Light-Independent reactions

The cycle that provides cells with compounds that can store energy for more than a few minutes (glucose)...

The Calvin cycle

If an animal stops carrying out...it will die.

Cellular respiration

The products of...are 2 ATP, 2 NADPH, and 2 pyruvic acid molecules.

Glycolysis

Either cellular respiration or fermentation can be used to release energy, depending on the presence of...

Oxygen

During the course of a long race, a person's muscle cells will use both...to produce ATP.

Cellular respiration and lactic acid fermentation

The reactants of photosynthesis are the same as the...of cellular respiration.

Products

Glycolysis converts glucose into two molecules of...

Pyruvic acid

...ATP molecules are formed by fermentation.

2

Organisms that obtain energy from the foods they consume are called...

Heterotrophs

Cells keep only a small amount of...on hand and regenerate it as needed by using carbohydrates.

ATP

Photosynthesis requires light, water, carbon dioxide, and...

Chlorophyll

...are photosynthetic membranes inside chloroplasts.

Thylakoids

Chlorophyll is found in the...

Thylakoids

The three main stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis, ...

The Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain

Without oxygen (fermentation) a cell can extract a net gain of only...molecules of ATP from each glucose molecule.

2

Photosynthesis occurs only in plants, algae, and some bacteria. In contrast, ... occurs in all eukaryotic cells.

Cellular respiration

Inside of a cell, what is the form of energy called?

ATP

A cell needs energy to... ... ...

Reproduce, move, and grow