Anatomy of Flowering Plants

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the anatomy of flowering plants.

Anatomy

The study of the internal structure of plants.

Epidermis

The outermost layer of the primary plant body, typically a single layer of cells.

Stomata

Structures in the epidermis that regulate gas exchange and transpiration, consisting of guard cells and a stomatal pore.

Trichomes

Epidermal hairs that can be unicellular or multicellular, which help in preventing water loss.

Ground Tissue System

All plant tissues except epidermis and vascular bundles, composed of parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.

Xylem

The vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Phloem

The vascular tissue responsible for transporting photosynthates and nutrients throughout the plant.

Meristematic Tissues

Tissues consisting of undifferentiated cells that can divide and differentiate into various cell types.

Dicotyledonous Plants

Plants that have two cotyledons in their seeds; they show a specific arrangement of vascular bundles.

Monocotyledonous Plants

Plants that have one cotyledon in their seeds; characterized by scattered vascular bundles.

Vascular Bundles

Structures that contain both xylem and phloem and are involved in the transport of substances within the plant.

Cambium

A layer of tissue in plants that produces new xylem and phloem cells, usually present in dicots.

Mesophyll

The internal tissue of a leaf, primarily composed of parenchyma and responsible for photosynthesis.

Bulliform Cells

Specialized cells in the leaf epidermis that help in reducing water loss by causing leaf folding.

Cuticle

A waxy covering on the epidermis that helps prevent water loss.

Epidermal Appendages

Structures like hairs and trichomes that are found on the epidermis and may serve various functions in the plant.

Endodermis

The innermost layer of the cortex in roots, characterized by the presence of Casparian strips and a lack of intercellular spaces.

Pericycle

A layer of cells located between the endodermis and the vascular tissue in roots, involved in forming lateral roots.