defects on enamel and dentin

defects on enamel

refers to a group of similar-appearing hereditary disorders of enamel formation in both dentitions

malfunctions of the proteins

defects on enamel is due to — in the enamel

enamelin gene

mutations in the — are believed to be responsible for the phenotypic changes on the enamel

trauma or abscess formation during amelogenesis

local factors of defects on enamel

rickets, congenital syphilis, birth trauma, fluoride, idiopathic

systemic factors of defect on enamel

intensity of causative factor, duration of the factor’s presence, time at which the factors occurs during crown development

extent of defect on enamel depends on the following conditions:

enamel hypoplasia, enamel hypocalcification

types of defects on enamel

enamel hypoplasia

type of defect on enamel

• quantitatively defective enamel but or normal hardness (thin enamel)

enamel hypoplasia

type of defect on enamel

• implies a reduction in the amount (thickness) of enamel formed

enamel matrix

enamel hypoplasia occurs as a result of a temporary disturbance in the formation of —

enamel hypocalcification

type of defect on enamel

• qualitatively defective enamel

enamel hypocalcification

type of defect on enamel

• normal amounts of enamel are produced, but hypomineralized

dentinogenesis imperfecta or hereditary opalescent dentin

type of defect on dentin

• a hereditary characteristic in an autosomal dominant pattern

dentinogenesis imperfecta or hereditary opalescent dentin

type of defect on dentin

• it is not sex-linked, it appears with equal frequency in males and females

primary and permanent

dentino imprfecta or hereditary opalescent dentin affects dentin of what dentition

sailophosphoprotein gene

mutations in dentin— have been described in dentinogenesis imperfecta or hereditary opalescent dentin

dentinogenesis imperfecta or hereditary opalescent dentin

type of defect on dentin

• teeth are discolored from a blue-gray to brownish violet or yellowish brown color

dentinogenesis imperfecta or hereditary opalescent dentin

type of defect on dentin

• teeth exhibit an unusual translucent or opalescent hue owing to the abnormal underlying dentin

dentinogenesis imperfecta or hereditary opalescent dentin

type of defect on dentin

• enamel fractures easily, resulting in rapid wear.

due to an abnormal DEJ, meaning the microscopic scalloping seen between dentin and enamel which mechanically locks the 2 hard tissues together is absent

why dentinogenesis imperfecta fractures easily

deciduous teeth

types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

• type 1 teeth involve

both dentitions

types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

• type 2 teeth involve

both dentitions

types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

• type 3 teeth involve

type 1 and 2

types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

• show total obliteration of pulp chambers

• excessive constriction at the cej, giving the crowns a tulip or bell shape

• short roots

type 3

types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

• shows thin dentin and extremely enormous pulp chambers

full crowns at early age, should not be used as abutments

treatment for dentinogenesis imperfecta

dentin dysplasia

type of defect on dentin

• rare condition

• a dominant genetic disorder of teeth

dentin dysplasia

type of defect on dentin

• characterized by presence of normal enamel by atypical dentin with abnormal pulpal morphology

type 1 radicular type

type of dentin dysplasia

• roots are short, blunt and conical

type 1 radicular type

type of dentin dysplasia

• periapical lesions are evident resulting to premature tooth loss

type 1 radicular type

type of dentin dysplasia

• in deciduous teeth, pulp chambers and root canals are almost completely obliterated

type 1 radicular type

type of dentin dysplasia

• in permanent teeth, residual fragments of pulp chamber appear typically as chevrons or crescent shaped

type 1 radicular type

type of dentin dysplasia

• both dentitions are of normal color and shape

type 1 radicular type

type of dentin dysplasia

• teeth show greater resistance to caries than do normal teeth

type 2 coronal type

type of dentin dysplasia

• permanent dentition “thistle tube” appearance, enlarged pulp chambers

type 2 coronal type

type of dentin dysplasia

• color of primary dentition is opalescent, and the permanent dentition is normal

regional odontodysplasia or ghost teeth or odontogenesis imperfecta

type of defect on dentin

• uncommon developmental abnormality of teeth, usually localized to a certain area

regional odontodysplasia or ghost teeth or odontogenesis imperfecta

type of defect on dentin

• involves the hard tissues derived from both epithelial and mesenchymal componentsw of the tooth-forming apparatus

regional odontodysplasia or ghost teeth or odontogenesis imperfecta

type of defect on dentin

• the permanent teeth are affected more than the primary teeth and the maxillary anterior teeth are affected more than the other teeth

regional odontodysplasia or ghost teeth or odontogenesis imperfecta

type of defect on dentin

• teeth exhibit short roots, open apical foramina, and enlarged pulp chambers

thinness and poor mineralization

the — quality of the enamel and dentin layers have given rise to the term “ghost teeth”