Automotive Textiles

Flashcards about Automotive Textiles

Automotive Textiles

Technical textiles used in vehicles such as cars, trains, buses, aircrafts, and marine vehicles.

Functions of Automotive Textiles (Comfort)

Provide comfort, a warm and soft feel of seats, moist and odour resistant interior, flexible seats, better interior, and decorative carpets.

Functions of Automotive Textiles (Safety)

Serve safety purposes with seat belts and airbags; function in noise control, filters, and battery separators.

Properties Required for Automotive Textiles

Resistance to sunlight and UV degradation, abrasion resistance, reduced flammability, resistance to mildew, hard wearing, stretch and recovery, high tear strength, soil resistance, easy cleanability, dimensional stability, comfort (breathability), and antistatic properties.

Fiber used in Seat belts

Polyester

Fiber used in Airbags and headliners

Nylon

Fiber used in Body cloth

Polyester, nylon, or their blend

Fiber used in Interior carpet

Nylon

Fiber used in Package trays

PP and nylon

Fiber used in Door trim

PP, nylon and polyester

Fiber used in Trunk liners

Polyester blends

Fiber used in Truck cover

PVC coated or polymer-based nylon or PET

Fiber used in Clutch facings

Composites of carbon or aramid fibers

Fiber used in Tires

PET, glass, aramid fibers, nylon, rayon fibers

Tyre

A textile reinforced composite structure where various textile components are embedded in a rubber matrix.

Carcass (Tyre Component)

Absorbs internal air pressure, weight, and shock.

Chafer fabric (Tyre Component)

Connects the shoulder and the rim of a tyre and protects the side wall.

Breaker fabric (Tyre Component)

Fabric plies placed directly on the uppermost ply beneath the tread rubber to disperse stress throughout the tyre.

Bead wrapping fabric (Tyre Component)

Wrapping the coils of bead wire and binding them.

Tyre cord properties - Unique strength, excellent adhesion and high fatigue strength. However, poor resistance to flat-spotting.

Nylon 6 & Nylon 6.6

Tyre cord properties - Needs a 2-stage dipping process compared to 1-stage process used for nylon and viscose and resist high-speed impact well. Among high tenacity tyre cords, polyester creeps the least under load.

Polyester

Tyre cord properties - Superior to nylon in high-speed impact, fibre easier to process than nylon and polyester. However, poor dimensional stability to moisture.

Viscose

Tyre cord properties - Relatively high modulus and strength compared to other high tenacity reinforcing fibre such as nylon, polyester and viscose.

Glass fibre

Tyre cord properties - High strength and stiffness, is used for belt construction in radial automotive tyres. High puncture and cut resistance which help to increase tread life. Steel cord sidewalls absorb flexing better than other materials.

Steel cord

Tyre cord properties - Particularly for high performance car tyres. Lighter tyres for better performance. Outstanding thermal resistance and dimensional stability. An ideal fibre to reinforce high speed tyres for rally and racing.

Kevlar

Airbag

Vehicle safety device designed to inflate rapidly during an automobile collision to prevent the driver and passenger from striking the steering wheel or a window.

Fibers Used for Airbag Manufacturing

Nylon 6.6 (most common), nylon 6, and polyester.

Airbag - When the airbag controller determines that the airbag should be deployed, the system triggers an inflator unit that burns chemicals very rapidly to produce large volumes of __.

Inert gas to inflate the bag

Seat belt use is one of the most important ways to __.

Minimize road accident deaths

Seat belt webbing is generally woven according to __.

2x2 twill design

Seat belts are made from __.

Nylon or polyester filament yarn

Hoses

Flexible link on pipe capable of use with gases, liquids, solids or admixtures of such under positive or negative pressures.

Cover (Hose Construction)

Outermost layer of the hose that protects against wear, abrasion, cuts, and weather.

Body or Carcass (Hose Construction)

Reinforcement supporting structure of the hose, made of cord, yarn, fabric, or wire.

Tube or Lining (Hose Construction)

Innermost element of the hose, in contact with the material being carried, and must be resistant to that material.

Materials used for hose reinforcement

Cotton, Polyester, Nylon, Rayon

Purposes of hose reinforcement

Withstand pressure, prevent kinking, resist against external damage, conduct electrostatic charges, increase heat resistance, enable couplings to be anchored securely.

Cabin air filters

Protects vehicle occupants from air-borne pollutants and allergens by removing suspended particles drawn in to the cabin from outside; they play a major role in improving cabin air quality.

Primary Factors Which Determine the Selection of Filter Fabric

Thermal and chemical conditions, filtration requirements, equipment considerations, and cost.

Upholstery

Provides furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing and fabric or leather covers.

Finishing sequence for woven velvet upholstery

Heat setting, brushing, cropping

Yarn dye route

Flat woven fabric is finished according to the __.

Layers of automotive upholstery

Face fabric, foam, and backing material

Conventional method used for the formation of automotive upholstery

Flame lamination

Carpet

Essential part of interior trim for aesthetics, sensual comfort, and noise/vibration control.

Carpets are manufactured either by __.

Tufting or needle felting

Desired characteristics of interior carpets

High durability, high abrasion resistance, tensile strength, low flammability, good compression recovery.

Test Methods for Tyre cords

ASTM D 885-94, ASTM D 4974-89, ASTM D 2692-89

Test Methods for Seat belts

BS 3254 Part 1 1988, BS 3254 Part 2 1991, BS AU 183, SAE J114 June 1994

Test Methods for Airbags

ASTM D5428-93A, ASTM D5446-94, ASTM D5427-93A

Test Methods for Automotive carpets

ASTM D2646-96, ASTM D-1175, ASTM D-4723-90

Test Methods for Hoses

ASTM D413-93, BS 903 Part A12, DIN 53530

The two main factors likely to continue to influence research and development in the automobile industry for the foreseeable future are __.

Environment and the control of cost