History of Art Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards detailing art movements from Classicism to Expressionism, including key dates, artists, and their representative works as found in the lecture notes.

Classicism

An artistic style that takes the art of anciente Greece and Rome as its model ($1750-1830$), focusing on Beaty, Balance, and Harmony.

LOUIS DAVID

French artist ($1748-1825$) known for The Death of Morat ($1793$), Napoleon crossing the Alps ($1801$), The Oath of the Horatii ($1784$), and The death of Socrates ($1787$).

DOMINIQUE INGRES

French artist ($1780-1867$) known for The Grand Odalisque ($1814$), The Apotheosis of Homer ($1827$), and The turkey bath $1862$.

Romanticism

An artistic movement ($1790-1850$) that emerged as a reaction against Neoclassicism, emphasizing Feelings and emotions, Nature, and Fredom and imagination.

EUGÈNE DELACROIX

French artist ($1798-1863$) known for Liberty Leading the People ($1830$), The Death of Sardanapalus ($1827$), Women of Algiers in Their Apartment ($1824$), and Horse Frightened by Lightning: ($1829$).

THÉODORE GÉRICAULT

French artist ($1791-1824$) who painted The Raft of the Medusa ($1818-1819$), The Charging Chasseur ($1812$), and Epsom Derby ($1821$).

HENRY FUSELI

British artist ($1741-1825$) who painted The Nightmare ($1781$), Lady Macbeth Sleepwalking, and Titania and Bottom.

WILLIAM BLAKE

British artist ($1757-1827$) who created The Ancient of Days ($1794$), Newton ($1795-1805$), and The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed with the Sun ($1805-1810$).

FRANCISCO DE GOYA

Spanish artist ($1746-1828$) associated with Romanticism, Rococo, and Neoclassicism; painted The Third of May 1808 ($1814$), The Clothed Maja ($1800-1807$), and Saturn Devouring His Son ($1819-1823$).

JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM TURNER

British artist ($1775-1851$) known for landscapes such as The Fighting Temeraire ($1839$), The Great Western Railway ($1844$), and The Slave Ship ($1840$).

JOHN CONSTABLE

British landscape painter ($1776-1837$) known for The Hay Wain ($1821$), Dedham Vale ($1802$), and Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows ($1831$).

Realism

Art movement ($1840-1880$) originating in France where artists painted everyday life and ordinary people instead of idealized subjects with accurate, detailed representation and natural colors.

JEAN-FRANÇOIS MILLET

French Realist artist ($1814-1875$) who painted The Gleaners ($1857$).

ROSA BONHEUR

French Realist ($1822-1899$) who painted The Horse Fair ($1852-1855$) and Ploughing in the Nivernais ($1849$).

GUSTAVE COURBET

French artist ($1819-1877$) known for The Stone Breakers ($1849$), Burial at Ornans ($1849-1850$), and The Painter's Studio ($1855$).

Pre-Impressionism

A transitional movement ($1860-1874$) between Realism and Impressionism focusing on modern life, light, and freer painting techniques.

MCNEILL WHISTLER

American artist ($1834-1903$) associated with Pre-Impressionism; painted Whistler's Mother ($1871$), Nocturne in Black and Gold ($1875$), and The White Girl ($1862$).

ÉDOUARD MANET

French artist ($1832-1883$) known for Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe ($1863$), Olympia ($1863$), and A Bar at the Folies-Bergère ($1882$).

Impressionism

Art movement beginning in France in $1874$ that focused on capturing light, color, and atmosphere using loose brushstrokes and bright colors.

CLAUDE MONET

French Impressionist ($1840-1926$) famous for Impression, Sunrise ($1872$), Water Lilies ($1897-1926$), and Woman with a Parasol ($1875$).

AUGUSTE RENOIR

French Impressionist ($1841-1919$) who painted Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette ($1876$), Luncheon of the Boating Party ($1881$), and The Swing ($1876$).

EDGAR DEGAS

French artist ($1834-1917$) known for The Ballet Class ($1874$) and the sculpture Little Dancer of Fourteen Years ($1881$).

BERTHE MORISOT

French female Impressionist ($1841-1895$) who painted The Cradle ($1872$), Summer's Day ($1879$), and Woman at Her Toilette ($1875-1880$).

AUGUSTE RODIN

French sculptor ($1840-1917$) known for The Thinker ($1880-1904$) and The Kiss ($1882$).

Post-Impressionism

Movement ($1886-1905$) that developed after Impressionism, keeping bright colors but focusing more on structure, emotion, symbolism, and personal expression.

PAUL CÉZANNE

French artist ($1839-1906$) known for Mont Sainte-Victoire ($1882-1906$), The Card Players ($1890-1895$), and Still Life with Apples ($1895-1898$).

PAUL GAUGUIN

French artist ($1848-1903$) known for Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? ($1897-1898$), Vision After the Sermon ($1888$), and Spirit of the Dead Watching ($1892$).

GEORGES SEURAT

French artist ($1859-1891$) known for A Sunday Afternoon on the Island ($1886$), Bathers at Asnières ($1884$), and The Circus ($1891$).

VINCENT VAN GOGH

Dutch Post-Impressionist ($1853-1890$) who painted The Starry Night ($1889$) and The Bedroom ($1888$).

Symbolism

Art movement ($1880-1910$) that used symbols, myths, and dreams to express emotions and spiritual ideas instead of reality; characterized by mystery and dreamlike atmospheres.

GUSTAVE MOREAU

French Symbolist ($1826-1898$) known for Oedipus and the Sphinx ($1864$), The Apparition ($1876$), and Jupiter and Semele ($1894-1895$).

MAURICE DENIS

French artist ($1870-1943$) who painted April ($1892$), The Muses ($1893$), and Homage to Cézanne ($1900$).

Gabriel Rossetti

English artist ($1828-1882$) known for Beata Beatrix ($1864-1870$), Proserpine ($1874$), and The Beloved ($1865-1866$).

ODILON REDON

French artist ($1840-1916$) who created The Cyclops ($1914$), The Eye, Like a Strange Balloon, Mounts Toward Infinity ($1882$), and Ophelia Among the Flowers ($1905-1908$).

PIERRE PUVIS DE CHAVANNES

French artist ($1824-1898$) who painted The Poor Fisherman ($1881$), Summer ($1873$), and The Sacred Grove, ($1884-1889$).

Expressionism

Art movement ($1905-1920$) that emphasized emotion over realism, using distorted forms and intense, non-naturalistic colors.

EDVARD MUNCH

Norwegian artist ($1883-1944$) who painted The Scream ($1893$), Madonna ($1894-1895$), and The Sick Child ($1885-1886$).