naming ionic compounds

Flashcards covering the definition, types, formulas, charges, and naming conventions for ionic compounds with polyatomic ions, based on the provided lecture notes.

Polyatomic ions

Ions composed of two or more covalently bonded atoms that act as a single unit and do not break up further in water.

General composition of ionic compounds with polyatomic ions

Typically composed of a metal cation and a polyatomic anion.

Polyatomic cations

Ions composed of multiple atoms that carry a positive charge, such as ammonium (NH4+) and mercury(I)(Hg2 2+).

Ammonium ion

A polyatomic cation with the formula NH4+ and a 1+ charge.

Mercury(I) ion

A polyatomic cation with the formula Hg2+ and a 2+ charge.

Nitrite ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula NO2- and a 1- charge.

Nitrate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula NO3- and a 1- charge.

Hypochlorite ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula ClO- and a 1- charge.

Chlorite ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula ClO2- and a 1- charge.

Chlorate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula ClO3- and a 1- charge.

Perchlorate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula ClO4- and a 1- charge.

Cyanide ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula CN- and a 1- charge.

Hydroxide ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula OH- and a 1- charge.

Permanganate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula MnO4- and a 1- charge.

Hydrogen sulfate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula HSO4- and a 1- charge.

Hydrogen carbonate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula HCO3- and a 1- charge.

Dihydrogen phosphate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula H2PO4- and a 1- charge.

Thiocyanate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula NCS- and a 1- charge.

Acetate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula C2H3O2- and a 1- charge.

Sulfite ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula SO3 2- charge.

Sulfate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula SO4 2- charge.

Hydrogen Phosphate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula HPO4 2- charge.

Carbonate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula CO3 2- charge.

Chromate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula CrO4 2- charge.

Dichromate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula Cr2O7 2- charge.

Oxalate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula C2O4 2- charge.

Peroxide ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula O2 2- charge.

Phosphate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula PO4 3- charge.

Naming convention for ionic compounds with polyatomic ions

Named by replacing the simple anion name with the name of the polyatomic ion, following standard ionic naming rules.

Li2CO3

Lithium carbonate, an ionic compound.

Pb(NO3) 2+

Lead (II) nitrate, an ionic compound where lead has a 2+ charge.

NH4Cl

Ammonium chloride, an ionic compound using a polyatomic cation.

Polyatomic ions with a 1- charge

A group of polyatomic anions including Nitrite (NO2-), Nitrate (NO3-), Hydroxide (OH-), and Acetate (C2H3O2-).

Polyatomic ions with a 2- charge

A group of polyatomic anions including Sulfite (SO32-), Sulfate (SO42-), Carbonate (CO32-), Chromate (CrO42-), and Dichromate (Cr2O72-).

Polyatomic ions with a 3- charge

The Phosphate ion (PO43-) is a common example of this group.

Polyatomic ions with a positive charge

Include Ammonium (NH4+) and Mercury(I) (Hg22+).