Polyatomic Ions + Elements

Hydroxides

OH

Charge = 1-

Ammonium

NH4

Charge = 1+

Ammonia

NH3

Charge = 0

Nitrate

NO3

Charge = 1-

Nitrite

NO2

Charge = 1-

Sulfate

SO4

Charge = 2-

Sulfite

SO3

Charge = 2-

Phosphate

PO4

Charge = 3-

Phosphite

PO3

Charge = 3-

Bromate

BrO3

Charge = 1-

Bromite

BrO2

Charge = 1-

Cynide

CN

Charge = 1-

Cyanate

CNO

Charge = 1-

Thiocynate

SCN

Charge = 1-

Hydrogen Sulfate

HSO4

Charge = 1-

Hydrogen Sulfite

HSO3

Charge = 1-

Dihydrogen Phosphate

H2PO4

Charge = 1-

Dihydrogen Phosphite

H2PO3

Charge = 1-

Hydrogen Phosphate

HPO4

Charge = 2-

Hydrogen Phosphite

HPO3

Charge = 2-

Perchlorate

ClO4

Charge = 1-

Chlorate

ClO3

Charge = 1-

Chlorite

ClO2

Charge = 1-

Hypochlorite

ClO

Charge = 1-

Carbonate

CO3

Charge = 2-

Hydrogen Carbonate

HCO3

Charge = 1-

Chromate

CrO4

Charge = 2-

Dichromate

Cr(2)O(7)

Charge = 2-

Permanganate

MnO4

Charge = 1-

Hydroxide

OH

Charge = 1-

Hydronium

H(3)O

Charge = 1+

Mercurous

Hg(2)

Charge = 2+

Acetate

C(2)H(3)O(2)

Charge = 1-

C(2)O(4)

Oxylate

Charge = 2-

Group 1 Elements

ALKALI elements - very reactive with water, easily oxidised, +1 charge/oxidation state, loses electron easy, low first ionization energy,

H - Hydrogen

Li - Lithium

Na - Sodium

K - Potassium

Rb - Rubidium

Cs - Caesium

Fr - Francium

Group 2 Elements

Alkali Earth Metals - relatively reactive metals, typically found in nature as compounds. They have a +2 charge/oxidation state and include

Be - beryllium

Mg - Magnesium

Ca - Calcium

Sr - Strontium

Ba - Barium

Ra - Radium

Group 13 (3A) Elements

Boron group elements, with varying properties, including metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. They typically have a +3 oxidation state and have applications in electronics, glass, and ceramics.

B - Boron (special DONT BE A MORON AND FORGET BORON) Al - Aluminum Ga - Gallium In - Indium Tl - Thallium

Group 14 (4A) Elements

Carbon group elements known for having a +4 oxidation state. Used in organic chemistry and electronics.

C - carbon,

Si - Silicon,

Ge - Germanium

Sn - tin

Pb - lead,

Fl - Flerovium

Group 15 (5A) Elements

Nitrogen group elements with varying oxidation states, commonly exhibiting -3, +3, or +5 states. These elements include important components of biological molecules and fertilizers.

N - Nitrogen,

P - Phosphorus,

As - Arsenic,

Sb - Antimony,

Bi - Bismuth.

Group 16 (6A) Elements

Oxygen group elements known for generally having a -2 oxidation state. Essential for respiration and found in water and many organic compounds. They are also found in minerals and participate in oxidation-reduction reactions.

O - Oxygen

S - Sulfur,
Se - Selenium,
Te - Tellurium,
Po - Polonium,
Lv - Livermorium.

Group 17 (7A) Elements

Halogen group elements that typically have a -1 oxidation state. Known for their high reactivity and are used in disinfectants, bleaches, and halides.

F - Fluorine,

Cl - Chlorine,

Br - Bromine,

I - Iodine,

At - Astatine.

Group 18 (8A Elements)

Noble gases characterized by a complete valence shell, making them generally unreactive. They include elements used in lighting and as inert atmospheres.

He - Helium, Ne - Neon, Ar - Argon, Kr - Krypton, Xe - Xenon, Rn - Radon.

Main Transition Metals

Transition metals located in the d-block of the periodic table, known for their ability to form variable oxidation states and complex ions. They include elements essential for various industrial and biochemical processes.

Cu - Copper

Zn - Zinc

Mg - Manganese

Ag - Silver

Au - Gold

Fe - Iron

Co - Cobalt

Ni - Nickel

Hg - Mercury