OMSI - Anatomy I

OMSI - Anatomy I

extreinsic vs intrinsic back muscles

• extrensic: movements of upper limb

• intrinsic: associated with thoracic wall, all are deep to extrensic. All of innervated by dorsal rami

Superficial back muscle groups

• trapezius

• latissimus dorsi

• rhomboid major/minor

• levator scapulae

trapezius innervation

• motor is accessory nerve (CN XI)

• propioception is C3 and C4

trapezius function

• rotates scapula to facilitate abduction above horizontal

• upper fibers elevate scapula

• middle adduct scapula

• lower fibers depress scapula

latissumus dorsi innervation

thacodorsal nerve (C6 to C8)

latissimus dorsi action

extends, adducts, and medically rotates humerus

levator scapulae innervation

• C3 to C4

• dorsal scapular nerve (C4,C5)

levator scapulae action

elevates scapula

Rhomboid major innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)

Rhomboid major action

• retracts (adducts) scapula

• elevates scapula

rhomboid minor innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)

Rhomboid minor action

retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula

Respiratory group of back

• serratus posterior superior

• serratus posterior inferior

serratus posterior superior innervation

anterior Rami of upper throacic nerves (T2→T5)

serratus posterior superior action

Elevates ribs 2 through 5

serratus posterior inferior innervation

Anterior Rami of lower thoracic nerves (T9 →T12)

serratus posterior inferior action

• drepresses ribs 9 through 12

• prevents lower rib elevration during diaphragm contraction

spinotrasnversales muscles

• splenius capitus

• splenius cervicus

splenius capitus innervation

posterior Rami of middle cervical nerves

splenius capitus action

• together- extend neck

• individual- rotate head to same side

splenius cervicus innervation

Posterior Rami of lower cervical nerves

splenius cervicus action

• together, extends neck

• individual, draw and rotate head side to side

Suboccipital muscles

• Rectus capitis posterior major

• Rectus capitis posterior minor

• Obliquus capitis superior

• Obliquus capitis inferior

Rectus capitis posterior major innervation

posterior Rami C1

Rectus capitis posterior major action

• extension of head

• rotation to same side

Rectus capitis posterior minor innervation

posterior Rami C1

Rectus capitis posterior minor action

extension of head

Obliquus capitis superior innervation

posterior Rami C1

Obliquus capitis superior action

• extension of head

• bends to same side

Obliquus capitis inferior innervation

posterior Rami C1

Obliquus capitis inferior action

rotation to face same side

cervical vertebra characteristics

• small size

• foramen in transverse process for blood splly/innervation

• short and square vertebral bodies

• bifid spinous process

throacic vertebra characteristics

• articulated ribs- creates 3 extra sets of facets (superior costal, inferior costal, transverse costal) aside from the superior all vertebra have

• long, downward spinous process

lumbar vertebrae charactertics

• very large body in proportion

• biggest vertebra in general

• long, thin transverse process

what innervates upper lateral region of arm?

C5

What innervates the dermatomes of the hand?

what nerve controls abduction of the arm at the glenohumeral joint?

C5

what nerve controls the flexon of the forearm at the elbow joint?

C6

what nerve controls extension of the forearm at the elbow joint?

C7

what nerve controls the flexon of the fingers

C8

what nerve controls the adduction of index, middle, and ring fingers?

T1

what nerve of muscles in the anterior compartment innervated by?

musculocutaneous nerve

what innervates the anterior compartment of the forarm?

primarily median nerve, except for wrist flexor and part of a finger flexor

what innervates the posterior compartment of arm and forarm?

radial

what does the musculocutaneous nerve do?

innervates skin on anterolateral side of forarm

what does the median nerve innervate?

palmar surface of the lateral 3.5 digits. ulnar gets the rest

what skin does the radial nerve supply?

• posterior surface of forarm

• dorsolateral surface of hand

axillary nerve

supplies deltoid muscle, teres minor

deltoid action

• major abductir of arm

• flex arm

• extend arm

supraspinatus innervation

suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

suprapinatus action

• rotator cuff

• helps abduct and stabilize the glenohumeral joint

infraspinatus innervation

suprascapular nerve (C5,C6)

infraspinatus action

• rotator cuff

• helps abduct and stabilize the glenohumeral joint

teres minor action

• rotator cuff

• helps abduct and stabilize the glenohumeral joint

Teres major innervation

inferior sunscapular nerve (C5,C6,C7)

teres major action

• medial rotation and extension of arm at glenohumeral joint

• stabilizes glenohumeral joint

long head of triceps brachii innervation

radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

long head of triceps brachii action

• extension of forearm at elbow joint

• accessory adductor and extensor of the arm at glenohumeral joint