Data presentation and Files (Introduction to the operational environment)

Binary system

The basis of the processing part of the computer and has only two digits (1 and 0) called bits

byte

A group of 8 bits and represents one character in the computer

Text codes

EBCDIC, ASCII, Extended ASCII, Unicode

EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code)

an encoding system that represents characters using 8-bit codes

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

An encoding system that uses 7 bits, allowing for 128 unique characters (such as English letters, digits and basic punctuation)

Extended ASCII

An encoding system that uses 8 bits, allowing for 256 characters (added support for foreign language, special symbols, etc)

Unicode

an international encoding standard for use with different languages and scripts, by which each letter, digit, or symbol is assigned a unique numeric value that applies across different platforms and programs

File

A group of related data and is identified by a name and an extension

File extension

The suffix at the end of a file name indicating the file type and determines which software can open it

File system

Determines the way an operating system stores files on disk (NTFS, FAT32, ext4)

Absolute file path

Refers to the full path of the file from the root directory to the target file

Relative file path

Refers to a path relative to the current working directory

Compatibility

Refers to whether a file format can be used by multiple programs or systems

Open formats

are means and ways for storing digital information that are free, can be used by the public and are not encumbered by copyrights or patents.

Text-based user interface

A system where by entering texts and commands, the computer system is able to accept inputs, process information an provide outputs

Graphical user interface

a visual way of interacting with a computer using items such as windows, icons, and menus.

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