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Second Industrial Revolution
a period of rapid growth in US manufacturing and industry in the late 1800s; fueled the Gilded Age
Edwin Drake
used steam engine to drill for oil; led to oil boom in US
Bessemer process
a way to manufacture steel so that it can be mass produced for lower costs
Thomas Edison
best known for inventing the incandescent light bulb to revolutionize work and home life in the world
George Pullman
created sleeping cars to improve long distance travel; created "Towns" to provide all basic needs for workers
union
an association of workers that use collective bargaining to negotiate better wages, hours, and working conditions
National Labor Union and Colored National Labor Union
two of the earliest, large-scale national organizations for workers in US
Haymarket Riot 1877
protest in Chicago turns violent; bomb tossed into police and police killed at least 8 protesters; led to negative public opinion of labor movement
Homestead Strike 1892
steel plant workers strike for better pay; boss hires "scabs" and armed guards; violence results in 11 people dying
Pullman Strike 1894
railroad workers strike led by Eugene Debs and boycott trains; violence breaks out; federal troops called in to end strike; Debs arrested, but inspired to run for president as socialist
Alexander Graham Bell
inventor of the telephone
Christopher Sholes
inventor of the typewriter; led to many women entering the workforce as typists
