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Pragmatic Realism
Philosophy emphasizing practical consequences and real-world applications.
Behavioralism
Approach prioritizing empirical data and scientific methods.
Logical Positivism
Philosophy asserting knowledge through empirical verification.
Logical Empiricism
Philosophy combining logic with empirical observations.
Instrumentalism
View that theories are tools for prediction and explanation.
Conceptual Frameworks
Models and strategies for organizing political research.
Operational Definitions
Specific criteria for measuring theoretical concepts.
Theoretical Revolution
Shift prioritizing pure science in behavioralism.
Emotive Value Judgments
Claims based on feelings, not verifiable facts.
Abstract Conceptual Schemes
Theories imposed on data for interpretation.
Systems Theory
View of politics as interconnected systems.
Research Programs
Coordinated efforts to explore political theories.
American Liberalism
Mid-20th century ideology influencing political science.
Ideological Bias
Preconceived notions affecting objective political analysis.
Empirical Grounding
Basis of theories in observable data.
Primitive Observational Data
Basic, undeniable facts supporting theoretical claims.
Theories as Tools
Concepts used to organize and explain data.
Philosophical Basis
Underlying principles guiding scientific methodology.
Political Structures
Frameworks assumed to be universal in politics.
Scientific Explanation
Understanding phenomena through empirical and theoretical lenses.
Theory Construction
Process of developing frameworks for political analysis.
Historical Political Theory
Focuses on political ideas through historical context.
Normative Political Theory
Catch-all for non-empirical political theory aspects.
Empirical Political Theory
Analyzes political phenomena through observation and data.
Behavioralism
Dominant approach emphasizing practical political science.
Sheldon Wolin
Criticized sidelining of political theory in 1969.
Policy Science
Shift towards practical political research in the 1970s.
Easton's New Revolution
Emphasized politically relevant research in political science.
Criticism of Behavioralism
Focused on assumptions underlying behavioral scientific methods.
Thomas Kuhn
Challenged behavioralism's rigid logical positivism.
Postpositivist Social Science
Focuses on meaning and intentionality in social actions.
Peter Winch
Argued for understanding social actions beyond empirical data.
Alfred Schutz
Emphasized reconstructing contexts for social action intelligibility.
Positivist Approaches
Focus on empirical data and scientific methods.
Postpositivist Approaches
Incorporate subjective meaning in social scientific explanations.
Metatheoretical Debate
Overshadowed substantive discussions in political theory.
Epistemology
Study of knowledge and justified belief.
Methodology
Systematic approach to research and analysis.
Autonomy of Political Theory
Developed independent structures and concerns by late 1970s.
Political Education
Importance of political theory for informed citizenship.
Practical Judgment
Application of political theory to real-world decisions.
Scientific Imagination
Creative thinking in developing political theories.
Political Biases
Subtle influences affecting political science methodologies.
Behavioralism
Focus on empirical data in political science.
Political Theory
Study of philosophical and normative political issues.
Political Science
Discipline analyzing political behavior and institutions.
Empirical Data
Information obtained through observation and experimentation.
Normative Political Theory
Exploration of value judgments in political contexts.
Sheldon Wolin
Critic of behavioralism emphasizing political theory's importance.
Thomas Kuhn
Philosopher advocating for broader political theory engagement.
Positivist Epistemology
Philosophy prioritizing observable phenomena over subjective experiences.
Intellectual Alienation
Separation of political theory from practical political engagement.
Fact/Value Issue
Debate on relationship between facts and value judgments.
Logical Positivism
Philosophical stance asserting empirical verification of statements.
T.D. Weldon
Declared political philosophy 'dead' due to positivism.
Postpositivism
Philosophical movement bridging facts and normative claims.
Stephen Toulmin
Postpositivist thinker revitalizing political philosophy.
R.M. Hare
Philosopher arguing for empirical grounding of normative claims.
Duality of Claims
Political theory includes both normative and empirical claims.
Linguistic Analysis
Method analyzing political concepts in philosophical discourse.
John Rawls
Author of 'Theory of Justice', revitalizing political theory.
Theory of Justice
Rawls's work establishing principles of justice and fairness.
Robert Nozick
Wrote 'Anarchy, State, and Utopia', influential political theorist.
Philosophical Shift
Political theory's focus moved to abstract philosophical concerns.
Crisis in Political Philosophy
Doubt in justifying political principles like natural sciences.
Independence of Political Theory
Political theory's separation from political science disciplines.
Jurgen Habermas
Key figure in critical theory and political theory.
Critical Theory
Philosophical approach analyzing society and culture.
Knowledge and Human Interest
Habermas's work institutionalizing political theory (1971).
Alienation in Critical Theory
Detachment from real-world politics in academia.
Philosophized Ideologies
Abstract arguments rooted in Marxism or liberalism.
Metatheoretical Focus
Shift to theory of theory over substantive issues.
Theory vs. Practice
Debate on reconciling theoretical and practical judgments.
Transcendentalism
Search for universal foundations for knowledge.
Practical Transcendentalism
Internal principles guiding a specific practice.
Metatheoretical Transcendentalism
External claims about knowledge's philosophical foundations.
Metatheoretical Authority
Assumption that metatheory governs practical practices.
Parasitic Nature of Metatheory
Metatheory lacks authority over first-order practices.
Alienation of Political Theory
Intellectual detachment from practical political engagement.
Re-engagement with Politics
Need for political theory to address real issues.
Second-order Status
Political theory's reliance on philosophical doctrines.
Metatheoretical Claims
Assumed universal validity distorting political theory's purpose.
Substantive Political Issues
Concrete political problems needing theoretical engagement.
Postpositivist Thought
Critique of positivism focusing on theory's context.
Existential Political Struggles
Real-world conflicts often ignored by theorists.
Political Theory's Philosophical Turn
Shift towards abstract philosophical discussions.
Metatheoretical Standards
Criteria that may misguide practical political theory.
Political Theory's Authenticity
Genuine engagement with real-world political practices.
Knowledge Practices
Ways of understanding and interpreting political phenomena.
Relativism
Belief that no universal truth exists.
Totalitarianism
Political system centralized under an authoritarian regime.
Pseudo Problem
Issue perceived as false or misleading.
Philosophical Relativism
Abstract belief lacking real-world relevance.
Practical Relativism
Application of relativism in real-life situations.
Transcendentalism
Philosophy claiming authority over political judgments.
Political Theory
Study of political ideas and practices.
Critical Theory
European intellectual framework critiquing society and culture.
Metatheory
Theory about theories, often abstract and detached.
Behavioralism
Approach focusing on observable political behavior.
Social Choice Theory
Field analyzing collective decision-making processes.
