psy-102 ch 9 thinking

cognition

mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating informatation

metacognition

thinking about why we are thinking

concepts

mental groupings of similar objects, events, ideas, or people, from developing prototypes

algorithm

step by step procedure

insight

abrupt realization of a problems solution

heuristics

strategies to help us make quick decisions

confirmation bias

search for evidence that supports their preconceptions while ignoring contradictory evidence

fixation

inability to come to a fresh perspective

mental set

tendency to approach problem with a mindset that worked before

intuition

automatic feeling or thought as contrasted with explicit conscious reasoning

belief perserverance

tendency to continue to endorse belief despite evidence that undermines it

sternberg

expertise, adventuresome, creative environment, imaginative, intrinsically motivated

framing

the way an issue is presented

thinking creatively

able to produce new and valuable ideas, convergent and divergent thinking