ABNORMAL - Quizzes

A 1988 study of Gamblers Anonymous treatment outcomes found:

Less than 10 per cent had ceased gambling over a two-year period.

A 1999 study of children's responses to their parents' weight-related comments and modelling of weight-related behaviours revealed that:

boys were influenced by comments but not by modelling.

A 2010 Australian report documented serious alcohol related harm to the Australian community, with approximately what portion of the adult population reporting having been affected in some way by the drinking of others during the year of the study?

approximately 75 per cent

A common feature of a conversion disorder is a lack of concern about the loss of bodily functioning. This is known as:

La belle indifference.

A functional analysis of behaviour:

describes behaviour and its environmental determinants objectively.

A major depressive disorder is characterised by the following symptoms except:

grandiosity.

A major depressive disorder with melancholy has all the following features except:

catatonic symptoms.

A mental disorder is a syndrome characterised by:

disturbances in cognitions and behaviour.

A neologism is:

a false word

A new mood disorder—mixed anxiety depressive disorder—has been incorporated into the DSM-5 for all of the following reasons except:

All of the given options are correct.

A paedophilic act is also classified as incest if:

the victim and perpetrator are close relatives

A panic disorder differs from a panic attack in that:

a panic disorder involves worry about having additional panic attacks.

A psychologist conducts an interview and administers several psychological tests in order to evaluate the nature of a person's problem and to formulate a treatment plan. What term is used to describe this process?

assessment

A researcher described her approach to understanding mental disorders as biopsychosocial. When you ask her to explain what she means, what is she likely to say?

The integration of biological, psychological, and social factors provides the most fruitful avenue for discovering the cause of most mental disorders

A serious side effect of neuroleptic medication is:

tardive dyskinesia

A specific learning disorder is diagnosed when a child's academic achievement is below what is expected for his/her age. It cannot be diagnosed when:

the child has an intellectual disability.

A study comparing cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and nutritional counselling treatments for eating disorders found that:

Nutritional counselling had a higher rate of attrition than CBT

A functional analysis of behaviour:

describes behaviour and its environmental determinants objectively.

Aaron Beck's cognitive theory of depression suggests that in individuals with depression:

dysfunctional negative cognitions result in depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms lead to negative cognitions.

Aaron Beck's definition of the 'negative cognitive triad' does not include a negative view of the:

past.

According to Australian research, what is a common element of obsession in individuals with OCD in the Australian population?

all of the above

According to Barlow (2002), the hallmark of anxiety is:

false alarms

According to Carl Rogers, the main determinant of whether people fulfil their potential is whether or not they have experienced which of the following?

unconditional positive regard

According to Clark's model of panic disorder people with this disorder:

catastrophise bodily sensations as dangerous.

According to cognitive theorists, the most important cognitive aspect of dysfunctional thinking in people with anorexia nervosa is:

dysfunctional self-evaluation, with over-emphasis on their shape and weight.

According to Millon (1981), core features that differentiate disordered personality from normal-range problematic behaviours include:

All of the given options are correct

According to psychoanalytic theory, both normal and abnormal behaviours are the result of:

conflict between the id, ego and superego.

According to psychoanalytic theory, the reasons for much human behaviour are:

hidden in the unconscious mind.

According to the biopsychosocial approach, human behaviour can best be explained by:

a variety of biological, psychological and sociocultural factors

According to the DSM-5, personality disorders:

All of the given options are correct

According to the DSM-5, the presence of OCD is diagnosed using which criteria?

Obsessions and/or compulsions that cause distress, are time-consuming, interfere with social and occupational functioning and are not attributed to a substance, medical condition or other disorder.

According to the key findings 2016 National Drug Strategy Household Survey which of the following statements is false?

More teenagers are drinking alcohol

According to the research evidence, the most effective treatment for obsessivecompulsive disorder is:

cognitive behaviour therapy

According to the research evidence, the most effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder is:

cognitive behaviour therapy

According to the Wells meta-cognitive model of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), an individual with GAD is likely to have:

both positive and negative beliefs about worrying

According to the Wells Meta-Cognitive Model of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), an individual with GAD is likely to have:

both positive and negative beliefs about worrying

According to Barlow (2002), the hallmark of anxiety is:

false alarms.

According to Clark’s model of panic disorder people with this disorder:

catastrophise bodily sensations as dangerous.

After a first episode of depression, most people will:

have another depressive episode (relapse).

After an episode of depression, most people will:

have another depressive episode (relapse) within 5 years

Among adolescents in developed countries, depressive disorders:

are more common in girls than in boys.

Among mental health professionals, a crucial element of defining dysfunctional behaviour is:

if a person's behaviour interferes with his/her ability to carry on with everyday life.

Among other things, the McCabe (1991) model of the causes of sexual dysfunction suggests that:

sexual dysfunction may contribute to relationship problems, but relationship problems may also contribute to sexual dysfunction

An Australian research team has argued for a subtyping model with three broad classes of depressive disorders: psychotic, melancholic and non-melancholic. Which of the following are theorised to be primarily biologically based?

psychotic and melancholic depression

An example of a social threat for sufferers of GAD is:

worrying about not being liked by others.

AN heritability

12x higher in relatives of those with BN

An individual with abnormal cognitions about shape, weight and self-worth, but normal body weight, and who binge eats, diets and purges is most likely to be diagnosed with:

bulimia nervosa

An individual with schizophrenia who believes that the television newsreader is sending coded messages to him/her is demonstrating what type of delusion?

Delusion of reference

An individual with two parents diagnosed with schizophrenia may have a greater risk of developing the disorder. This suggests that:

The disorder may be an interaction between genetics and learning

AN prevelence

1.90%

Anorexia nervosa is mainly a disorder of:

young women

Anorexia nervosa is more likely to develop in individuals who:

have low self-esteem

Anorexia nervosa is:

ten times as common in females as in males.

Personality traits associated with AN

Perfectionism, social anxiety, OCD

Aphasia refers to various types of loss or impairment in

language

As a psychiatrist treating patients, Aaron Beck noticed repeated patterns which he labelled as:

cognitive distortions.

At least one episode of major depression. At least one period of hypomania. Must not have had a manic episode

Bipolar 2 disorder

At the insistence of family members you take your elderly grandfather to a general practice physician who refers him to neurologist. When you ask for a description of neurologists, the general practitioner tells you they are:

physicians specializing in diseases of the brain and nervous system

Attempts to prevent PTSD with early intervention have been challenged by:

natural remission rates.

Attribution theory suggests that people initially tend to explain bodily symptoms in terms of:

situational causes.

Barbara is seeing a therapist to help her with her drinking problems, and her therapist is trying to improve her social skills and her ability to solve problems. This therapist is probably a:

cognitive behavioral therapist

Based on research evidence, which of the following is more likely to result in PTSD?

interpersonal trauma

Behavioural theories of depression focus on the environmental conditions and contingencies and suggest that depression is maintained because of:

reduced opportunity for positive reinforcers.

Behavioural weight-loss treatments for overweight people with binge eating disorder:

result in a decrease in binge eating.

Behaviourists and psychoanalysts agree that:

Normal and abnormal behaviours are on a continuum

Biological, learning and cognitive models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) all recognise that:

PTSD is maintained by avoidance of reminders of the trauma

Bipolar & substance abuse co-morbidity is approximately what percent?

39%

Bipolar disorder is commonly comorbid with several other psychiatric illnesses, except:

schizophrenia.

Brain activation associated with amnesia implicates:

the pre-frontal cortex.

Bulimia nervosa differs from the binge eating/purging variant of anorexia nervosa in that:

people with bulimia nervosa are not underweight.

catalepsy

a trancelike state with loss of voluntary motion and failure to react to stimuli

Children with low activity of the monoamine oxidase A gene show:

high rates of aggression but only when they have been maltreated.

Children's emotional and behavioral development is most influenced by:

the balance between risk factors and protective factors

Cluster B personality disorders are defined in terms of:

a personality with dramatic, acting-out or flamboyant behaviours

Cognitive behavioural models of somatisation emphasise all of the following except:

Preoccupation around illness and disease

Cognitive behavioural models of somatisation emphasise all of the following except:

sensitivity to physical sensations.

Cognitive errors hypothesised to result in problem gambling include all of the following except:

catastrophic thinking

Cognitive-behavioural models of the somatisation process centre on:

the cycle of increasing somatosensory amplification.

Co-morbid complications

Deteriorating health (mortality), Decreased production of hormones, Brain is starved so volume decreases - so cognitive functions decrease (recovery is slow)

Compared to the general community in Australia, individuals who use methamphetamine are:

11 times more likely to experience psychosis

Critical psychologists argue that:

none of the given options is correct

Critical psychologists argue that:

All of the given options are correct: mental health professionals agents of oppression, social perspective neglected in mental health services, abnormal behaviour context must be considered

Cultural concepts of distress are expressed through which of the following three concepts:

cultural syndromes, cultural idioms of distress, cultural explanations

Current limitations in the treatment of eating disorders include:

All of the given options are correct.

Currently, the most evidence-based treatment for anorexia nervosa is

CBT

Currently, the most evidence-based treatment for anorexia nervosa is:

cognitive behaviour therapy

Development of a panic disorder requires:

All of these options are correct.

Diana is concerned about her physical appearance. She constantly thinks that her body is the wrong shape and size, despite having had cosmetic surgery. Diana is displaying signs of:

body dysmorphic disorder

Differential

all of the above

Dissociative disorders all involve which of the following?

Motor or sensory neurological disturbance, with a sudden onset after an episode of psychological stress

Dissociative disorders all involve which of the following?

disconnection of normally integrated mental functions

Drug treatment for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder:

is most effective when combined with psychosocial treatment

During the early recovery phase of psychosis:

all of the above

During treatment of an acute episode of psychosis, medication is likely to:

eliminate positive symptoms

Echolalia

automatic and immediate repetition of what others say

Echopraxia

imitating another's actions

ED treatment

CBT & Family therapy

Emil Kraepelin classified mental disorders in terms of their:

symptoms

Established risk factors for bipolar disorders include:

All of the given options are correct

Estimates of the degree to which various personality traits are inherited:

range from 40-60 per cent