Chapter 2: pH Scale

what is pH?

negative logarithm (p) of hydrogen ion concentration of solution in mols/L

what is a neutral pH and how many H+ and OH-?

7.0

balance of H+ and OH-

what is an acidic pH and how many H+ and OH-?

lower than 7.0

high H+ concentration

low OH- concentration

what is a basic pH and how many H+ and OH-?

higher than 7.0

low H+ concentration

high OH- concentration

what is the pH of human blood?

ranges from 7.35 - 7.45

what kind of relationship does the pH scale have with the H+ concentration?

inverse relationship

describe the inverse relationship between pH scale and H+ concentration

more H+ ions, lower pH
less H+ ions, higher pH

what is an acid and what is the physiological role for the body?

solute that adds H+ ions to solution

drives digestive system and allows stomach to digest foods

what is another name for an acid?

proton donor

what happens to strong acids and bases in solutions?

completely dissociates in solution

what is a base and what is the physiological role in body?

solute that removes H+ ions from solution

keeps blood pH from 7.35 - 7.45

what happens to weak acids and bases in solutions?

fails to dissociate completely

helps balance pH

what is another name for a base?

proton acceptor

what is a buffer?

stabilizes pH of solutions

what do buffer systems involve?

weak acid and related salt (weak base)

what buffer system is important to humans?

carbonic acid-bicarbonate

what are antacids?

use sodium bicarbonate to neutralize hydrochloric acid in stomach