Detailed Notes on Magnetism

Magnetism

A force that can attract or repel materials, commonly observed in everyday objects, such as compasses.

North Pole (Magnetic)

The part of a magnet that points toward magnetic north.

South Pole (Magnetic)

The part of a magnet that points toward magnetic south.

Magnetic Interaction

Like poles repel (North-North or South-South), while opposite poles attract (North-South or South-North).

Right Hand Rule

A method to determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire, where the thumb points in the direction of current and fingers show field direction.

Earth's Magnetic Field

A magnetic field resulting from currents in Earth's molten iron core, protecting the planet from high-energy solar particles.

Magnetic Field Formula (Moving Point Charge)

B = (μ₀/4π) * (q * v * sin(θ) / r²), where B is the magnetic field.

Solenoid

A coil of wire that generates a uniform magnetic field when an electric current flows through it.

Magnetic Field Inside a Solenoid

B = μ₀ * n * I, where n is turns per unit length, I is current through the solenoid.

Field Lines

Visual aids representing the direction and strength of magnetic fields; closer lines indicate a stronger field.