Anatomy and Physiology for Radiography UNIT 9 TEST (Thorax: Sternum and Ribs)

List the structures of the thorax, and the number of each: Sternum

1

List the structures of the thorax, and the number of each: Thoracic Vertebrae

12

List the structures of the thorax, and the number of each: Ribs

24 (12 pair)

List the structures of the thorax, and the number of each: Costal Cartilage

20 (10 pair)

List the bones/structures that make up the costovertebral joint

head of rib and body of a vertebrae

List the bones/structures that make up the costotransverse joint

tubercule of rib and transverse process of a vertebrae

List the structures protected by the ribs and sternum:

heart, lungs, aorta, and vena cava, esophagus, trachea

List the bones/structures that make up the sternocostal joint

sternum and costal cartilage

List the bones/structures that make up the costochondral joint

anterior end of rib and costal certilage

List the bones/structures that make up the interchondral joint

between adjacent costal cartilages

List the bones/structures that make up the sternoclavicular joint

sternum and medial end of clavicle

List the bones/structures that make up the manubriosternal joint

manubrium and body of sternum

List the bones/structures that make up the xiphisternal joint

xiphoid process and body of sternum

What are the three parts of the sternum?

manubruim, body, xiphoid process

What is the other name for the manubrium?

manubruim sterni

What is the other name for the body of the sternum?

corpus gladiulus

What is the other name for the xiphoid process?

ensiform

What is the location of the sternoclavicular joint?

Where the sternal end of the clavicle fits into the clavicular notch of the manubrium.

List the functions of the structures of the thorax:

Protection for the thoracic viscera and serves as an attachment for muscles and ligaments of the thoracic cavity.

In simple terms...what are the two functions of the structures of the thorax?

protection and attachment

Describe the structure of the ribs

long, narrow, curved bone with hyaline cartilage attached directly to the anterior end

Describe the plane of the ribs

Oblique plane, slanting anteriorly and inferiorly

Explain anterior rib attachment

ribs attach anteriorly to the sternum with costal cartilage

What types of bones are ribs and the sternum?

flat

Which ribs by number are true?

1-7

How do true ribs attach?

directly to the sternum vie costal cartilage

Which ribs by number are false?

8-10

How do false ribs attach?

by superjacent cartilages

Which ribs by number are false-floating?

11-12

How do false-floating ribs attach?

to the vertebrae only

What landmark lies at T2/3?

jugular notch

What landmark lies at T4/5?

sternal angle

What landmark lies at T9/10?

xiphisternal angle

What is a cervical rib?

rib attached to a cervical vertebra

What is a cervical rib also known as?

supernumerary rib

What is a lumbar rib?

extra rib that articulates with the transverse process of L1

What is the absence of ribs?

less than the normal number of ribs

What is Fenestra?

hole that may be present in the xiphoid process

What is a forked rib?

when the ribs split on the anterior side

What is a fused rib?

two adjacent ribs joined for part of the length of the rib

What is pectus excavatum?

depressed sternum

What is pigeon chest?

a prominent sternum, protrudes anteriorly

jugular notch

head

sternum

SC joint

clavicle

manubrium

sternal angle

body of sternum

xiphoid process

tubercule

neck

angle

body

costal cartilage

body of rib

vertebral body

head of rib

tubercule

transverse process

costovertebral joint

costotransverse joint

spinous process

Write the three characteristics of the structure of ribs:

- long, narrow, curved bone

- in oblique position

- slants anteriorly and inferiorly

The sternum that protrudes outward:

pigeon chest

Ribs that attach directly to the sternum via their costal cartilage:

true

T/F Hyaline cartilage is attached to the posterior end of ribs.

False

The joint between the head of the rib and the vertebral body:

costovertebral joint

The sternum is classified as a ___ bone.

flat

What is another name for the body of the sternum?

corpus gladiolus

The true ribs of the thorax are:

1-7

The joint between the clavicle and the sternum:

sternoclavicular joint

T/F The purpose of costal cartilage is to attach ribs to the clavicle.

False

What vertebral level coincides with the sternal angle?

T4-T5

The joint between the costal cartilage and the anterior end of the rib:

costochondral joint

The sternum is made up of ___ parts.

3

Two ribs that are joined along some part of their length:

fused

Ribs that have no anterior attachment:

false-floating

The jugular notch is at the level of:

T2-T3

The joint between the tubercle of a rib and the vertebral transverse process:

costotransverse joint

The congenital anomaly demonstrating a depressed sternum.

pectus excavatum

A supernumerary rib is another name for:

an extra rib

The tubercle of a rib articulates with:

the transverse process

The joint between the xiphoid and the body of the sternum:

xiphisternal joint

The hole that could be found in the xiphoid process:

fenestra

Ribs that attach to the sternum via their superjacent cartilages:

false

The joint between the body of the sternum and the manubrium:

manubriosternal joint

Choose two answers that describe the functions of the bony thorax:

protection of thoracic viscera

attachment of muscles and ligaments

attachment of cartilage and tendons

alignment to the appendicular skeleton

protection of thoracic viscera, attachment of muscles and ligaments

There are ___ total ribs.

24

Another name for the manubrium is:

manubrium sterni

Ribs designated as false are:

8-12

Which of the following are protected by the rib cage?

heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus

The anterior end of a rib attaches to:

costal cartilage

Ribs are classified as ___ bones.

flat

T/F The structure of the thorax includes: 1 sternum, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 10 costal cartilages, 12 ribs.

False

The joint between costal cartilage and the sternum:

sternocostal joint

T/F Ribs lie in an oblique plane, slanting anteriorly and inferiorly.

True

The ribs that are called false-floating are the ___ most inferior pair of ribs.

2

Ribs that are split in two at the anterior end:

forked ribs