BIO 4 Introductory Human Anatomy - Unit 1 Overview

Flashcards covering course logistics, assessments, metric system units, anatomical body regions, directional terms, body planes, and compound microscope operation for BIO 4.

BIO 4

Introductory Human Anatomy; credit earned is transferrable to most universities including California State University and University of California colleges.

Lab Worksheets

Documents contained in the Unit 1 Packet that list all structures students are responsible for, including correct spelling.

Lecture Assessments

5 Midterms ($50$ points each) and a Final Exam ($100$ points) featuring short answer, fill-in-the-blank, and multiple choice with no word banks.

Lab Practical Midterms

Assessments consisting of $26$ stations with $2$ questions each ($1$ minute $30$ seconds first round, $30$ seconds second round) focused on identifying and naming structures.

Rectus femoris m. (Example)

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine; Insertion: tibial tuberosity; Actions: flexes hip and extends knee.

Weekly Quizzes

$10$ point quizzes given at the beginning of class with approximately $10$ minutes to complete; the lowest score is dropped.

Short Formative Assessments

Class participation/attendance grade (maximum $25$ points) where students are called upon to answer questions about material covered that day or the previous day.

Centimeter (cm)

$\frac{1}{100}$ of a meter.

Millimeter (mm)

$\frac{1}{1000}$ of a meter.

Micrometer ($\mu m$)

$\frac{1}{1,000,000}$ of a meter.

Typical Cell Size

Approximately $10-20\,\mu m$ (though some, like the ovum, can be $100\,\mu m$).

Gram (g)

A unit of mass approximately equal to $0.03$ ounces; a nickel weighs $5\,g$.

Kilogram (kg)

$1000\,g$ or approximately $2.2\,lbs$.

Milliliter (ml)

$\frac{1}{1000}$ of a liter; a teaspoon is approximately $5\,ml$.

Anatomical Position

A standard position where the feet are flat, looking forward, and palms are facing forward.

Axial Region

Body region including the Head (Cephalic), Neck (Cervical), and Trunk (Thoracic, Abdominal, Pelvic, Pubic, and Dorsum).

Appendicular Region

Body region consisting of the Upper limbs (Brachial/arm, Antebrachial/forearm) and Lower limbs (Femoral/thigh, Crural/leg).

Anterior (Ventral)

Directional term meaning towards the front.

Posterior (Dorsal)

Directional term meaning towards the back.

Superior (Cranial)

Directional term meaning above or towards the head.

Inferior (Caudal)

Directional term meaning below or towards the tail.

Proximal

Directional term meaning close to.

Distal

Directional term meaning farther away from.

Medial

Directional term meaning towards the midline or middle.

Lateral

Directional term meaning towards the side.

Superficial

Directional term meaning towards the surface.

Deep

Directional term meaning underneath.

Sagittal (midsagittal) Plane

A body plane that divides the body into right and left portions.

Frontal (coronal) Plane

A body plane that divides the anterior from the posterior.

Transverse (cross-section) Plane

A section perpendicular to the long axis of the body.

Ocular lenses

Microscope lenses providing $\times 10$ magnification.

Objective Lenses (Powers)

Scanning Power ($\times 5$), Low Power ($\times 10$), High Power ($\times 40$), and High and Dry Power ($\times 63$).

Field Of View (FOV)

The circular area of the specimen that is visible through the microscope.

Total Magnification (TM)

Calculated by multiplying $\text{ocular power} \times \text{objective power}$.

Revolving Nosepiece

The part of the microscope used to change the magnification objective.

Coarse Focus

The focus control that should be used only with the scanning objective.

Lens paper

The only material permitted for cleaning microscope lenses.