SCIENCE SUCKS AND YOU CANT TEACH

What is a smooth pattern of fluid flow?

Laminar Flow. Examples are pouring water and honey

What is an irregular, mixing flow pattern?

Turbulent Flow. Examples are Oceans and High winds

What is Flow rate? How is it measured?

A measure of how quickly fluids move. It's measured in volume per unit time (L/s, litres per second)

Viscosity

A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow

What are the 4 factors that affect viscosity?

Friction, Cohesion, Adhesion, Temperature

Friction

Resistance that a surface encounters when it rubs against another. It creates resistance that slows movement of a liquid. The greater the friction the greater the Viscosity

Cohesion

A measure of how strongly fluids particles are attracted to each other. (Causes fluids particles to stick together and flow slowly) Examples Honey/Maple Syrup

Adhesion

A attraction between the particles of a fluid and another substance. (Fluid particles can attract to the sides of containers, causing the movement of a fluid to slow down) Example: Honey makes contact with jar, some is left behind when poured

Temperature(Liquid)

Temperature(Liquid)

Increasing temperature will decrease a liquid's viscosity making it faster/lower resistance (Heating) Decreasing temperature will increase a liquid's viscosity making it slowing/high resistance(Cooling)

Temperature(Gas)

Increasing temperature will increase a gases viscosity making it slower/high resistance (Heating) Decreasing temperature will decrease a gases viscosity making it faster/lower resistance(Cooling)

What is happening when you go into a full bathtub and the water level rises?

Displacement, you push water out of the way to make room

Density

How tightly packed particles are inside a substance

High density (Brick)

Particles that are packed tightly together and are objects that usually sink since they are heavier than the water they displace. (A glass of water is 10 mL and a rock placed inside the water makes the water level rise to 15mL. That's because the rock is heavier than the 5mL it displaced)

Low density (Beach Ball)

Particles that are spread out are objects that float because they re lighter than the water they displace. (A glass of water is 10mL and a rubber duck placed in the water floats because the duck is lighter than the little amount of water it displaces)

What is the upward force that pushes up on an object placed in a fluid? (liquid and gases)

Buoyancy, works against gravity

Gravity

What is the downward force that pulls the object downward toward the centre of the Earth?

How is Density calculated?

Density= Mass/Volume

Why do some objects float and some don't?

Why do some objects float and some don't?

Floats- If a buoyancy force matches the object's weight, happens when an object weighs less than the total water.
Sinks- If a object weighs more than the water it pushes away/buoyancy force, gravity force would win

What is Archimedes' Principle?

The buoyant force that is exerted on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.

How was Archimedes' Principle discovered?

It was discovered when the king asked him to test if a blacksmith cheated when making a pure gold crown and added silver. The crown did have silver added in the end

How do you find the volume of an irregular shaped object?

If an object is placed in a fluid the water level that rises is the volume of the object. (Glass of water is 10 mL when a rock is placed in the water it rises to 15mL. The rock's volume is 5 mL cubed because 15-10=5)

High Viscosity

Thick, slow moving. Syrup, honey

Low Viscosity

Thin, fast moving. Water