MENSTRUATION

6-7 million oogonia

how many oogonia are present in the ovaries at 5 months AOG

2 million oocytes

how many oocytes in Newborn baby girl

300,000-400,000 oocytes

how many oocytes in puberty

400 oocytes are ovulated

how many oocytes in reproductive life tim

Menstruation

Sloughing-off of the endometrial lining

menstrual flow

Blood and endometrial tissues from the inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) within 4-7 days--- ave 5 days

• Blood loss is approx 30-80 ml

• Iron loss 11 mg

Blood and endometrial tissues

Menstrual flow:

_______ and ________from the inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) within 4-7 days--- ave 5 days)

4-7 days

5 days average

menstrual flow occurs within _______ days or _______ average

approximately 30-80 ml

blood loss during menstrual flow

11 mg

iron loss during menstrual flow

11-14 years of age

Menarches is the first period that occurs _________ age

Hypothalamus

initiator of menstrual cycle

Release of GnRH (LHRH)

Pituitary gland

releases FSH

ovaries

______produce estrogen

Graafian follicle will develop (3 to 30 follicles)

8-10 days

follicular phase occurs how many days?

13th day

at day _____ Increase estrogen level | Decrease progesterone level| Release of prostaglandins

GnRH

LH

at 13th day, what hormones are produces?

10th-14th day
bright yellow fluid

at ______ day, Mature follicle and will rupture

Ovulation Corpus luteum (________ high in progesterone)

Uterus 3mm thick and velvety

progesterone

corpus luteum secretes ________

4-5 days corpus albicans

the ovum:'
Conception- corpus luteum remains (high progesterone)

No conception –atrophies after _____and becomes________ (whitish tissue)

4-5 days

if no conception occurs the ovum atrophies after ______ days and become corpus albicans

• thinning of cervical mucus

• slight change in body temperature

the two main signs of ovulation

Ovulation

▪ Release of egg from the right or left ovary

• at random

• About 5 days to travel down the fallopian tube to the uterus

5

It takes about ______ days for ovum to travel down the fallopian tube to uterus

Mittelschmerz

Lower abdominal pain felt at the side of the ovary

Right before ovulation

• increase of cervical mucus (thick and yellowish)

During ovulation

Mucus will become thinner and clearer and stretchy (spinnbarkeit) like egg whites

thinner clearer stretchy
spinnbarkeit

during ovulation Mucus will become ______and ____ and _____ also known as _________ like egg whites

not fertile

dry, tacky, thick CM

not fetile

Creamy, sticky CM

Semi-fertile

Cloudy/ stretchy CM

most fertile

watery, stretchy egg white CM

Basal body temperature BBT

Temperature change by means of Daily ______________

morning before

• Temperature taken in the __________ the woman gets out of bed

• The day of ovulation the temperature spikes down, usually into the 96.0 – 97.0 (35.5-36 C) range

96.0 – 97.0 F

35.5-36 C

• The day of ovulation the temperature spikes down, usually into the __________ range

Dysmenorrhea

▪ Painful menstruation

▪ Uterus is prompted by certain hormones to

squeeze far harder than necessary to dislodge

its lining

▪ Treatment options: painkillers

Menorrhagia

Excessive or heavy bleeding

Amenorrhea

Absence of menstruation

Metrorrhagia

Bleeding in between menstruation

1-13

14

15-28

what days if

Follicular :

Ovulation

Luteal

Follicular phase 1-13
menses 2-5

Ovarian

Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)secretion

Estrogen secretion is prominent

Uterine:

decrease progesterone

blood

mucin from glands

fragments of endometrial tissue

microscopic atrophied ovum

Products discharged from uterus:

Ovulation 14

Proliferative phase 6-13 / 4-5

estrogen
Thickens

Ovarian: ________

LH spike

Uterine: _________

increase _________ (produced in ovary)

The endometrial lining of the uterus which is very thin right after menstrual flow and begins to proliferate and grow rapidly that ________the endometrium

estrogenic

follicular

postmenstrual

proliferative phase during ovulation is also termed as:

15-28

luteal phase occurs at day

Luteal phase

Ovarian:

LH secretion continues

Progesterone secretion is prominent

Secretory phase 15-28

Increase in progesterone (produced in corpus luteum)

• Uterine endometrium is corkscrew or twisted, and dilated

  ▪ Capillaries in the endometrium increases in amount (Rich, spongy velvet)

Ischemic Phase 24-45

decrease in progesterone and estrogen

• no fertilization

• endometrial lining begins to degenerate

12.4 years

average age at onset of menstrual cycle

9-17 years

Average range of menstrual cycle (age)

28 days

average days of interval between cycles

23-35

cycles of _____ days is not unusual

4-6 days

2-9 days

Duration of menstrual flow:

average flow: ______

ranges of ________ not abnormal

• 1 hour

Amount of menstrual flow

• Difficult to estimate

  Ave 30-80 ml/menstrual period

  Saturating a pad or tampon in less than ______ is heavy bleeding

30-80 ml/ period

average amount of mentrual flow

Dark red

combination of

• blood, mucus and, endothelial cells

Color of menstrual flow

similar to marigold

• strong, pungent (sharp smell) odor

odor of mens