Animal Biodiversity Flashcards
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Flashcards about Animal Biodiversity
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34 Terms
What three things have Zoologists used to build the 'tree of life'?
Gross morphology, Early development, and Genetic sequences
What are some animal body plans?
Symmetry, Segmentation, Body cavities, Modularity / coloniality , Constrained and unconstrained body plans, Hydrostatic skeletons, Exoskeletons, and Size and shape
What are the three types of symmetry?
Radial, Asymmetry, and Bilateral
What is cephalization?
Differentiation of the head
What is segmentation?
Repetition of structures along the longitudinal axis of the adult body that result from a linear series of mesodermic somites (muscle units) formed during embryonic development.
What are the two types of body cavities?
Pseudocoelom and Coelom
What is modularity?
Increasing body size by adding new units
What are ramets?
Morphologically and genetically identical units that are usually interconnected
What animal phylum is modularity found in?
Porifera (sponges)
What are the three constraint levels of body plans?
Highly constrained, Moderately constrained, and Unconstrained
What are animals with hydrostatic skeletons?
Nematoda and Annelida
What animal is an example of moderately constrained body plan?
Arthropoda
What animals are examples of unconstrained body plans?
Mollusca and Chordata
Why is surface area/volume ratio important?
Body size: Large animals have less surface area relative to their volume than smaller animals of the same shape. Body shape: Two organisms with the same volumes can have different ratios depending on their shapes
What is taxonomy?
Systematic ordering and naming of organisms.
Who created the binomial nomenclature?
Carolus Linnaeus
What is a biological species?
A group of interbreeding individuals of common ancestry that are reproductively isolated from all other such groups
What is the definition of homology?
Character similarity that results from common ancestry
What is synapomorphy?
Shared, derived character
What is a cladogram?
A formalized tree of life; a branching diagram showing the pattern of shared derived characters among species or higher taxa
What three things have Zoologists used to build the 'tree of life'?
Gross morphology, Early development, and Genetic sequences
What are some animal body plans?
Symmetry, Segmentation, Body cavities, Modularity / coloniality , Constrained and unconstrained body plans, Hydrostatic skeletons, Exoskeletons, and Size and shape
What are the three types of symmetry?
Radial, Asymmetry, and Bilateral
What is cephalization?
Differentiation of the head
What is segmentation?
Repetition of structures along the longitudinal axis of the adult body that result from a linear series of mesodermic somites (muscle units) formed during embryonic development.
What are the two types of body cavities?
Pseudocoelom and Coelom
What is modularity?
Increasing body size by adding new units
What are ramets?
Morphologically and genetically identical units that are usually interconnected
What animal phylum is modularity found in?
Porifera (sponges)
What are the three constraint levels of body plans?
Highly constrained, Moderately constrained, and Unconstrained
What are animals with hydrostatic skeletons?
Nematoda and Annelida
What animal is an example of moderately constrained body plan?
Arthropoda
What animals are examples of unconstrained body plans?
Mollusca and Chordata
Why is surface area/volume ratio important?
Body size: Large animals have less surface area relative to their volume than smaller animals of the same shape. Body shape: Two organisms with the same volumes can have different ratios depending on