Lab 2 Structures + F(x)

How many structures does the Cerebral hemisphere have?

15

sulcus

shallow valleys btwn ridges

gyrus

ridges that inc SA available for neurons

longitudinal fissure

deep valley btwn cerebral hemisphere

transverse fissure

deep valley btwn cerebrum and cerebellum

cerebral cortex

gray matter bark, site of neuron synapsing

corpus callosum

white matter trackway btwn cerebral hemispheres

carries info btwn halves of cerebrum

Fornix

white matter trackway, carries info in limbic sys

(info relating to emotions, memory, learning)

frontal lobe

seat of personality, judgment, reasoning, somatic motor control; some olfactory perception

parietal lobe

somatosensory perception, language, math

temporal lobe

hearing perception, facial recognition, some olfactory perception

occipital lobe

vision perception

central sulcus

division btwn frontal + parietal lobes

precentral gyrus

somatic motor control primary cortex

postcentral gyrus

somatosensory primary cortex

lateral sulcus

shallow valley btwn temporal and frontal/parietal lobes

Parts of the Diencephalon

1. thalamus


1. intermediate mass
2. hypothalamus
3. mammillary bodies
4. infundibulum
5. pituitary gland (hypophysis)
6. pineal body (pineal gland)

Thalamus

gray matter relay station for ascending sensory or descending motor info

intermediate mass

gray matter connection btwn 2 halves of thalamus

hypothalamus

gray matter region, many f(x)s

master control of endocrine system, ANS, emotions, body temp, osmotic balance

mammillary bodies

gray matter relay station of olfactory info

imp for memory

infundibulum

stalk of axons that connects pituitary to hypothalamus

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

structure that’s part glandular (anterior) to release many hormones/ part neuroendocrine (posterior cells are hormone releasing neurons)

pineal body (pineal gland)

produces hormone melatonin

Parts of the Cerebellum

1. cerebellar hemispheres
2. vermis
3. arbor vitae
4. folia

cerebellar hemispheres

unconscious somatic motor control to smooth, refine, coordinate movement

vermis

unconscious somatic motor control to smooth, refine, coordinate movement

arbor vitae

white matter (site of signal transduction)

folia

cortex (site of synapsing)

Parts of the Brain Stem

1. midbrain


1. corpora quadrigemina


1. superior colliculus
2. inferior colliculus
2. pons
3. medulla oblongata


1. pyramids

Brain stem function

gray and white matter for synapsing/ info transfer

midbrain

involved in unconscious motor control, reflex synapsing

2 parts of the corpora guadrigemina

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superior colliculus

inferior colliculus

superior colliculus

site of visual pathway synapsing for visual reflex

inferior colliculus

site of auditory pathway synapsing for auditory reflex

pons

bridge that contains white matter trackways, connecting cerebrum with cerebellum, spinal cord

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vegetative f(x): digestion control, heart rate, respiratory rate etc.

medulla oblongata

vegetative f(x): digestion control, heart rate, respiratory rate etc.

pyramids

white matter fiber tracks for descending somatic motor info

Parts of the Ventricles

1. choroid plexus
2. lateral ventricles
3. septum pellucidum
4. interventricular foramen
5. third ventricle
6. cerebral aqueduct
7. fourth ventricle

choroid plexus

produces CSF from capillary/ ependymal cells

lateral ventricles

contains CSF

Spectum pellucidum

division btwn L/R lateral ventricles

interventricular foramen

foramen for fluid movement btwn lateral ventricles

third ventricle

contains CSF (btwn 2 halves of thalamus)

cerebral aqueduct

canal for fluid movement btwn 3rd + 4th ventricles

fourth ventricle

contains CSF; continuous with central canal of spinal cord

Parts of the Meninges

1. Dura mater
2. arachnoid mater
3. pia mater

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ALL surround + protect brain

Dura mater

toughest of meninges- anchors/ protects

arachnoid mater

contains CSF in subarachnoid space; provides route for BV

pia mater

deepest meninx, outermost limit of brain/spinal cord