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Hypothesis

A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, serving as a starting point for further investigation.

Experiment

A procedure undertaken to test a hypothesis by collecting data.

Data Collection

The process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables.

Conclusion

A summary of the results of an experiment, determining if the hypothesis is supported or not.

Fact

A statement that can be supported by evidence and is accepted as true.

Theory

A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world, based on a body of evidence.

Anatomic Position

A standard position of the body used as a reference point for anatomical terminology.

Superior (cranial)

Referring to a position higher than another part of the body.

Inferior (caudal)

Referring to a position lower than another part of the body.

Anterior (ventral)

Referring to the front side of the body.

Posterior (dorsal)

Referring to the back side of the body.

Proximal

Closer to the point of origin or trunk of the body.

Distal

Farther away from the point of origin or trunk of the body.

Medial

Closer to the midline of the body.

Lateral

Farther away from the midline of the body.

Superficial

Closer to the surface of the body.

Deep

Farther below the surface of the body.

Positive Feedback Loops

Feedback loops that amplify a stimulus or increase an event.

Negative Feedback Loops

Feedback loops that move in the opposite direction of the stimulus.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Physiological Gradients

Differences in concentration or pressure that drive processes in biological systems.

Cell-Cell Communication

The process by which cells interact and communicate with each other.