P1 (conservation of energy)

What is energy?

the property of an object that allows work to be done and is measured in joules

magnetic

Energy stored when repelling poles are pushed together or pulled apart; magnets,compasses,maglev trains

Thermal

the total of kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object; bodies

Chemical

energy stored in chemical bonds; food, muscles

Kinetic

the energy of a moving object; buses

Electrostatic

The energy stored when repelling charges have been moved closer together or pulled apart; thunder

elastic potential

energy stored when an object is stretched or squashed; springs

Gravitational potential

The energy of an object at height;planes

Nuclear

energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; nuclear reactors

Mechanical work

a force moving an object through a distance

Electrical work

charges moving due to potential difference

Heating

due to temperature difference

Radiation

energy transferred as a wavelength

law of conservation of energy

energy can’t be created or destroyed only transferred

What is a time period?

The time taken for one complete oscillation

What is frequency?

Frequency is how many oscillations per second

Frequency formula

1/ time period

What is work done

the energy transferred to make an object move

Work done formula

Force(N) x distance(M) OR weight x height

weight formula

mass x gravitational field

Gravitational potential energy

mass(kg) x gravitational field strength(n/kg) x height(m)

Kinetic energy formula

½ x mass(kg) x velocity squared

Elastic potential energy

½ x spring constant ( n/m) x extension squared

Efficiency formula

useful energy/ initial energy x100

What is power?

the rate at which work is done or when energy is transferred, measured in watts (w)

Power formula

work done/time = energy transferred/time