Lesson 4: Bar Charts

(phrase) tả số liệu dao động trong khoảng nào đó

vary between…and….

• The unemployment rates varied between 4% and 10% across the five surveyed countries in 2020

(adv) tả con số gần bằng/làm tròn

roughly

• Sales are up by roughly 10 per cent.

(phrase) A hơn B một lượng X

A exceed B by X

• In 2015, the number of car users exceeded that of bus users by 20,000.

A outnumber B by X

• In 2010, male university students outnumbered their female counterparts by 5,000.

A be X higher than B

• In 2022, the average electricity consumption in urban areas was 30% higher than that in rural areas.

A surpass B (không bị động/ không dùng by + khoảng chênh)

• The sales of smartphones surpassed those of laptops in 2020, reaching nearly 150 million units.

(phrase) thể hiện xu hướng không ổn định (tả trend chung)

X display a trend of instability

• Between 2010 and 2020, the price of crude oil displayed a trend of instability, fluctuating significantly from year to year

(v) to become gradually weaker or smaller

giảm xuống còn, đặc biệt là sau khi đã đạt đỉnh điểm trước đó

recede to

• After peaking at 80%, the employment rate receded to 65% by the end of the year.

(n) điểm ban đầu/ mức ban đầu (dùng khi tả sự phục hồi hoặc quay lại trạng thái ban đầu.

original level

• After rising sharply in the first half of the year, fuel prices dropped back to their original level by December.

(n) the act of climbing or moving up; an upward journey (dùng khi miêu tả số liệu tăng/có xu hướng tăng)

ascent

• The graph illustrates a steady ascent in the number of online shoppers from 2010 to 2020.