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left hemisphere is responsible for
speech, comprehension, arithmetic, writing, language, vision and movement of right side
right hemisphere is responsible for
image processing, spatial thinking, movement and vision of left side, emotion, creativity, attention, memory, cognition
lateralization of brain function
tendency for hemispheres to be specialised and opposite - for exmaple right controls left
the 4 lobes
frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal
frontal lobe is responsible for
personality, decision making, motor control, information processing, cognition, memory, emotion
frontal lobe cortex
orbitofrontal
premotor
prefrontal
motor
Broca’s area
orbitofronal cortex
consequences of behaviour
premotor cortex
planning fine motor movements, fine motor skills, posture, decision making
Broca’s area
responsible for language production and coordination
Broca’s aphasia
unable to produce speech but can understand
condition where one is unable to produce speech but can understand it
Broca’s aphasia
prefrontal cortex
behaviour, decision making, personality
motor cortex
movement, coordination with motor neurons for execution of movement
occipital lobe
decodes visual information
path visual information follows
retina → thalamus → occipital lobe
occipital lobe contains the
primary visual cortex
primary visual cortex
processes visual information
parietal lobe
sensory perception and integration of information
damage to parietal lobe leads to
hemineglect
hemi-neglect
It is characterized by the inability to attend to one side of the body or space
somatosensory cortex
bodily sensations
parietal lobe contains
somatosensory cortex
temporal lobe is responsible for
memory, emotion, language comprehension
temporal lobe contains
primary auditory cortex, wernicke’s area, cingulate cortex
primary auditory cortex
interprets and analyses audio information
Wernicke’s area
speech production
wernicke’s aphasia
able to produce speech but cannot understand it
cingulate cortex
inner part of the brain
meningeal layers
layers of tissue lining the skull that protect the brain
brain stem
connects cerebrum and spinal cord
brain stem functions
conveys information and regulates life processes
brain stem parts
pons, medulla, midbrain
midbrain
vision, hearing, motor control, sleep, arousal (consciousness), temperature regulation
pons
part of brain stem that carries information (through nerve tracks) to the cerebellum, medula, and thalamus
medulla
autonomic functions (cardiac, respiratory, vomiting, vasomotor)
amygdala
fear, anger, recognition of threats
hippocampus
long term memory
thalamus
relaying of sensory information - switchboard
hypothalamus
maintaining homeostasis, autonomic nervous system
hindbrain contains
cerebellum, brain stem
cerebellum
procedural memories of fine motor skills and balance
subtantia nigra
intiating movement, producing dopamine
in what disease are the neurons in substantia nigra absent
Parkinson’s disease
symptoms of lack of neurons in substantia nigra
issues in initiating and maintaining intentional movement
reticular activating system
nuclei in brain stem that activate the cerebral cortex to maintain consciousness
neuron
Specialized cells that transmit electrical signals in the nervous system, consisting of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon
types of neurons
sensory, motor
Note 
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