Chemical Reaction Types

Synthesis Reaction

A+B—-AB (2Mg+O₂—2MgO)

Decomposition Reaction

A single substance breaks into 2 or more simpler substances (2H₂O—-2H₂+O₂)

Often requires an input of energy (heat, electricity, or light).

Single Displacement (Replacement) Reaction

One element replaces another element in a compound.

A+BC—AC+B (if A is a metal) OR D+BC—-BD+C (If D is a non-metal)

The reacting element (A/D)must be more reactive than the element it replaces (B)according to the Activity Series.

Double Displacement (Replacement) Reaction

The positive ions (cations) of two different ionic compounds switch places (like partners in a dance).

AB+CD—-AD+CB (HCl+NaOH—-NaCl+H₂O) (H⁺and Na⁺ ions switch partners)

Products often include a precipitate (solid), a gas, or water (neutralization reaction).

Combustion Reaction

A substance (usually a hydrocarbon) rapidly reacts with oxygen (O₂) producing heat and light. (All are Exothermic)

Fuel+O₂—Products

Fuel+O₂—-CO₂+H₂O (most common; yields CO₂ and H₂O