Week 8 Psy10007 Lecture - Motivation

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Flashcards covering key concepts from a lecture on motivation theories, including instinct theory, drive reduction theory, arousal theory, incentive theory, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

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22 Terms

1
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What is motivation?

An intervening variable that drives behavior in response to environmental stimuli and is closely tied to emotion.

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What are the four categories of sources of motivation?

Physiological factors (bodily needs), emotional factors, cognitive factors (thoughts and beliefs), and social factors (peer influence).

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What are instincts in the context of motivation theories?

Involuntary behavior patterns consistently triggered by specific stimuli, suggesting a biological basis for motivation.

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What are modal action patterns?

Typical, common behavioral responses to specific situations, offering more flexibility than fixed action patterns.

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What is evolutionary theory in motivation?

Suggests behaviors are motivated by survival and reproduction instincts, with partner choice influenced by ancestral decisions.

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What does drive reduction theory propose?

Suggests that we are driven to maintain homeostasis, and imbalances create drives to meet physiological needs.

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What is a primary drive?

Innate, inborn physiological needs like food and water.

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What is a secondary drive?

Learned drives, often culturally based, that help meet primary drives, such as the drive to earn money for food.

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What is incentive theory?

Suggests that external stimuli, such as rewards and punishments, motivate behavior rather than internal states.

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Which part of the brain plays a primary role in detecting hunger?

The hypothalamus, specifically the ventromedial nucleus (satiety) and the lateral hypothalamus (hunger).

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What factors influence our hunger?

Biological needs, flavor, appetite, specific hunger, learning, social and cultural influences.

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What is obesity?

A condition characterized by a body mass index greater than 30, posing significant health risks.

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What is anorexia nervosa?

An eating disorder characterized by restricted eating, a very low BMI, and a distorted body image with psychological and genetic factors.

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What is bulimia nervosa?

An eating disorder involving binge eating followed by purging behaviors; weight may appear normal.

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What influences sexual motivation and drive?

Biological factors, learned behavior, and physical and social environment.

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What is Extrinsic Motivation?

Motivation to achieve something for an external reward.

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What is Intrinsic Motivation?

Desire for internal satisfaction and a sense of pride.

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What is achievement motivation?

Satisfaction from meeting a goal, or from achieving a goal.

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What are learning goals?

Interested in the process of learning.

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What are performance goals?

Wanting to show people that they can perform at a certain level.

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What are the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization.

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What are the three categories in ERG theory?

Existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs, which do not need to be met in any particular order.