UT-3

1979

The 1st edition of UT was published in

1989

The 2nd edition of UT was published in

Achieving functional outcomes

to develop, improve, or restore the highest possible level of independence of any individual who is limited by a physical injury or illness, a dysfunctional condition, a cognitive impairment, a psychosocial dysfunction, a mental illness, a developmental or learning disability, or an adverse environmental condition.

Activities of Daily Living

Self-maintenance tasks.

Activities of daily living, work and productive activities, and play or leisure

Scope of performance areas

AOTA

American Occupational Therapy Association

Assessment

the use of skilled observation or evaluation by the administration and interpretation of standardized or nonstandardized tests and measurements to identify areas for occupational therapy services.

Attention Span

Focusing on a task over time.

Auditory

Interpreting and localizing sounds, and discriminating background sounds.

Bathing/Showering

Obtaining and using supplies; soaping, rinsing, and drying body parts; maintaining bathing position; and transferring to and from bathing positions.

Bilateral Integration

Coordinating both body sides during activity.

Body Scheme

Acquiring an internal awareness of the body and the relationship of body parts to each other.

Care of Others

Providing for children, spouse, parents, pets, or others, such as giving physical care, nurturing, communicating, and using age- appropriate activities.

Categorization

Identifying similarities of and differences among pieces of environmental information.

Chronological

Individual's age.

Chronological age, developmental age, place in the life cycle, and health/disability status

The temporal aspects of performance contexts are

Cleaning

Obtaining and using supplies; picking up; putting away; vacuuming; sweeping and mopping floors; dusting; polishing; scrubbing; washing windows; cleaning mirrors; making beds; and removing trash and recyclables.

Clothing Care

Obtaining and using supplies; sorting, laundering (hand, machine, and dry clean); folding; ironing; storing; and mending.

Cognitive Integration and Cognitive Components

the ability to use higher brain functions.

Community Mobility

Moving self in the community and using public or private transportation, such as driving, or accessing buses, taxi cabs, or other public transportation systems.

Concept Formation

Organizing a variety of information to form thoughts and ideas.

Coping Skills

Identifying and managing stress and related factors.

Crossing the Midline

Moving limbs and eyes across the midsagittal plane of the body.

Cultural

Customs, beliefs, activity patterns, behavior standards, and expectations accepted by the society of which the individual is a member. Includes political aspects, such as laws that affect access to resources and affirm personal rights. Also includes opportunities for education, employment, and economic support.

Danger Response

Interpreting noxious stimuli.

Depth Perception

Determining the relative distance between objects, figures, or landmarks and the observer, and changes in planes of surfaces.

Developmental

Stage or phase of maturation.

Disability Status

Place in continuum of disability, such as acuteness of injury, chronicity of disability, or terminal nature of illness.

Dressing

Selecting clothing and accessories appropriate to time of day, weather, and occasion; obtaining clothing from storage area; dressing and undressing in a sequential fashion; fastening and adjusting clothing and shoes; and applying and removing personal devices, prostheses, or orthoses.

Educational Activities

Participating in a learning environment through school, community, or work-sponsored activities, such as exploring educational interests, attending to instruction, managing assignments, and contributing to group experiences.

Emergency Response

Recognizing sudden, unexpected hazardous situations, and initiating action to reduce the threat to health and safety.

Endurance

Sustaining cardiac, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal exertion over time.

Environmental Factors/Aspects

The physical, social, and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives and have positive aspects ("facilitators") or negative aspects.

Feeding and Eating

Setting up food; selecting and using appropriate utensils and tableware: bringing food or drink to mouth; cleaning face, hands, and clothing; sucking, masticating, coughing, and swallowing; and management of alternative methods of nourishment.

Figure Ground

Differentiating between foreground and background forms and objects.

Fine Coordination/Dexterity

Using small muscle groups for controlled movements, particularly in object manipulation.

Form Constancy

Recognizing forms and objects as the same in various environments, positions, and sizes.

Functional Communication

Using equipment or systems to send and receive information, such as writing equipment, telephones, typewriters, computers, communication boards, call lights, emergency systems, Braille writers, telecommunication devices for the deaf, and augmentative communication systems.

Functional Mobility

Moving from one position or place to another, such as in-bed mobility, wheelchair mobility, transfers (wheelchair, bed, car, tub, toilet, tub/shower, chair, floor). Performing functional ambulation and transporting objects.

Generalization

Applying previously learned concepts and behaviors to a variety of new situations.

Grooming

Obtaining and using supplies; removing body hair (use of razors, tweezers, lotions, etc.); applying and removing cosmetics; washing, drying, combing, styling, and brushing hair; caring for nails (hands and feet), caring for skin, ears, and eyes; and applying deodorant.

Gross Coordination

Using large muscle groups for controlled, goal-directed movements.

Gustatory

Interpreting tastes.

Health Maintenance

Developing and maintaining routines for illness prevention and wellness promotion, such as physical fitness, nutrition, and decreasing health risk behaviors.

Home Management

Obtaining and maintaining personal and household possessions and environment.

Household Maintenance

Maintaining home, yard, garden, appliances, vehicles, and household items.

Initiation of Activity

Starting a physical or mental activity.

Interests

Identifying mental or physical activities that create pleasure and maintain attention.

Interpersonal Skills

Using verbal and non- verbal communication to interact in a variety of settings.

Job Acquisition

Identifying and selecting work opportunities, and completing application and interview processes.

Kinesthesia

Identifying the excursion and direction of joint movement.

Laterality

Using a preferred unilateral body part for activities requiring a high level of skill.

Learning

Acquiring new concepts and behaviors.

Level of Arousal

Demonstrating alertness and responsiveness to environmental stimuli.

Life Cycle

Place in important life phases, such as career cycle, parenting cycle, or educational process.

Meal Preparation and Cleanup

Planning nutritious meals; preparing and serving food; opening and closing containers, cabinets and drawers; using kitchen utensils and appliances; cleaning up and storing food safely.

Medication Routine

Obtaining medication. opening and closing containers, following prescribed schedules, taking correct quantities, reporting problems and adverse effects, and administering correct quantities by using prescribed methods.

Memory

Recalling information after brief or long periods of time.

Midsagittal or Median Plane

Relating to an imaginary line through the middle of the body from top to bottom. It splits the body into left and right halves.

Money Management

Budgeting, paying bills, and using bank systems.

Motor

Muscle movement? Idk.

Motor Control

Using the body in funerional and versatile movement patterns.

Muscle Tone

Demonstrating a degree of tension or resistance in a muscle at rest and in response to stretch.

Neuromusculoskeletal

This system is controlled by the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system, allows humans to move and interact with their world (Lloyd et al., 2023).

Occupational Therapy

is the use of purposeful activity or interventions to promote health and achieve functional outcomes.

Olfactory

Interpreting odors.

Oral Hygiene

Obtaining and using supplies; cleaning mouth; brushing and flossing teeth; or removing, cleaning, and reinserting dental orthotics and prosthetics.

Oral-Motor Control

Coordinating oropharyngeal musculature for controlled movements.

Orientation

Identifying person, place, time, and situation.

Perceptual Processing

Organizing sensory input into meaningful patterns.

Performance areas

are broad categories of human activity that are typically part of daily life.

Performance areas, performance components, and performance contexts

3 domains of occupational therapy

Performance Components

are fundamental human abilities that—to varying degrees and in differing combinations—are required for successful engagement in performance areas.

Performance Contexts

are situations or factors that influence an individual's engagement in desired and/or required performance areas.

Personal Device Care

Cleaning and maintaining personal care items, such as hearing aids, conract lenses, glasses, orthotics, prosthetics, adaptive equipment, and contraceptive and sexual devices.

Physical

Nonhuman aspects of contexts. Includes the accessibility to and performance within environments having natural terrain, plants, animals, buildings, furniture, objects, tools, or devices.

Physical, social, and cultural considerations

The environmental aspects of performance aspects are

Play or Leisure Activities

Intrinsically motivating activities for amusement, relaxation, spontaneous enjoyment, or self-expression.

Play or Leisure Exploration

Identifying interests, skills, opportunities, and appropriate play or leisure activities.

Play or Leisure Performance

Planning and participating in play or leisure activities. Maintaining a balance of play or leisure activities with work and productive activities, and activities of daily living. Obtaining, utilizing, and maintaining equipment and supplies.

Position in Space

Determining the spatial relationship of figures and objects to self or other forms and objects.

Postural Alignment

Maintaining biomechanical integrity among body pans.

Postural Control

Using righting and equilibrium adjustments to maintain balance during functional movements.

Praxis

Conceiving and planning a new motor act in response to an environmental demand.

Problem Solving

Recognizing a problem, defining a problem, identifying alternative plans, selecting a plan, organizing steps in a plan, implementing a plan, and evaluating the outcome.

Proprioceptive

Interpreting stimuli originating in muscles, joints, and other internal tissues that give information about the position of one body part in relation to another.

Psychological

Relating to the human mind and feelings.

Psychosocial Skills and Psychological Components

The ability to interact in society and to process emotions.

Range of Motion

Moving body parts through an arc.

Recognition

Identifying familiar faces, objects, and other previously presented materials.

Reflex

Eliciting an involuntary muscle response by sensory input.

Retirement Planning

Determining aptitudes; developing interests and skills; and selecting appropriate avocational pursuits.

Right-left Discrimination

Differentiating one side from the other.

Role Performance

Identifying, maintaining, and balancing functions one assumes or acquires in society (e.g., worker, student, parent, friend, religious participant).

Safety Procedures

Knowing and performing preventive and emergency procedures to maintain a safe environment and to prevent injuries.

Self-concept

Developing the value of the physical, emotional, and sexual self.

Self-control

Modifying one's own behavior in response to environmental needs, demands, constraints, personal aspirations, and feedback from others.

Self-expression

Using a variety of styles and skills to express thoughts, feelings, and needs.

Self-management

The ability to regulate and monitor emotions, feelings and impulses.

Sensorimotor Component

The ability to receive input, process information, and produce output.