Bio 110 Module 6 Quiz

Which part of the humerus is lined with hyaline cartilage?

head of the humerus

What bone cell is fully differentiated and maintains calcified bone matrix?

Osteocyte

When osteoblasts become trapped in the matrix they secrete, they become:

Osteocytes

What bone cell undergoes mitosis to create new osteoblasts?

Osteogenic Stem Cell

Which bone cells are most similar to the basal cells in the epidermis?

osteogenic cells

The _ are open spaces in the bone tissue where osteocytes live.

lacunae

What is the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Connect osteocytes to each other for nutrient exchange

Blood vessels and nerves are located in the _ of compact bone.

central canals

The _ lines the external surface along the shaft of a long bone.

periosteum

A long bone has _.

a longer length than width

The patella is an example of which type of bone?

Sesamoid bone

An irregular bone has _.

a complex shape and may contain large projections and flat surfaces

A bone with two smooth parallel surfaces is called a(n) _ bone.

Flat

What type of bone the lunate (a small boxy-shaped bone in the wrist) classified as?

Short bone

The _ forms the expanded proximal and distal ends of a long bone.

epiphysis

Which of the following is true regarding the differences between compact and spongy tissue?

Compact bone contains osteons and spongy bone contains trabeculae

Which of the following best describes spongy bone?

It has a lattice-like structure and contains red bone marrow.

The process of blood cell production occurs in:

Red bone marrow

Which type of ossification typically forms flat bones such as the cranial bones?

Intramembranous ossification

What happens during the process of endochondral ossification?

Cartilage is replaced by bone.

A long bone's conversion from cartilage to osseous tissue is _.

endochondral ossification

Which property of hyaline cartilage leads to the death of chondrocytes during the matrix calcification phase of endochondral ossification?

avascularity

Which part of a long bone contains the epiphyseal plate responsible for bone growth in length?

Metaphysis

The skeleton of a child contains more _ than an adult skeleton.

cartilage

What does the presence of an epiphyseal line indicate about a bone.

It has finished growing

Which hormone stimulates osteoclast activity and increases blood calcium levels?

Parathyroid hormone

Which bone cell's activity contributes to increasing calcium levels in the blood?

Osteoclast

If blood calcium levels drop significantly, which sequence best describes the body's response?

Parathyroid releases PTH → Osteoclast activity increases → Calcium rises

If an individual has low parathyroid hormone levels, what would you expect?

Decreased blood calcium levels

Which structure is involved in the healing process of a bone fracture?

Callus

In osteoporosis, which imbalance occurs between bone cells?

Osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity

Osteoporosis can be caused by _.

low dietary intake of calcium

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

Hormone secretion

Which is not a function of the skeletal system?

Vitamin D production