Studied by 19 people
Risk Multipliers
climate change is dangerous because it heightens vulnerabilities: population growth, increase of global weapons, mass migrations
Dilemmas in global environmental governance
few policies have been made to bring down GHG emissions
public opinion has become more indifferent to climate change than 2007-2008
including industrial countries who has to make the most actions because they release the most gases
UNFCCC means
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNFCCC purpose
an international environmental treaty
to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic (pollution caused by humans) interference with the climate system
198 parties as of July 2022
COP meaning
Conference of the Parties
COP purpose
governing body of an international convention such as the UNFCCC
It is the supreme decision-making body of the convention
all parties are represented at the COP and they review the implementation of the Convention and take necessary decisions to promote the effective implementation of the Convention
review national communications and emission inventories
the COP then assesses the effects of the measures taken by Parties and the progress made
COP3
Kyoto protocol: developed countries reduce ghg emissions in the period 2008-2012
COP16
Cancun agreements: future global warming should be limited to below 2.0C relative to the pre-industrial level
COP18
Doha Amendment: Kyoto protocol was modified to encompass the period 2013-2020 as second commitment period
COP21
Paris Agreement: governing emission reductions from 2020 on through commitments of countries in ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions
COP27
Sharm El-Sheikh: held by the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt with a goal to build on previous successes and pave the way for future ambition to effectively tackle the global challenge of climate change
Republic Act No. 9729
AKA the Climate Change Act of 2009 created the Climate Change Commission which is the lead institution that oversees and evaluates government programs on climate change and makes sure that government units are working together for a climate-resilient and climate-smart Philippines
Disputes
The biggest polluting nations (e.g. US and China) want to reach a target of 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial revolution levels
Weaker nations most at risk want a target of 1.5C which would require the global economy to transform away from fossil fuels and fully rely on renewables by 2050
Around 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest has been destroyed in recent years
DRR meaning
Disaster Risk Reduction Management
Republic Act No. 10121
DRR means reducing disaster risk through systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters through reduced exposures to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events
PDRRM meaning
The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act; The Philippine Disaster Act of 2010
PDRRM purpose
gives importance to the reduction of the adverse impact of disaster through preparedness
empowers local government units to use 70% of their total calamity fund for risk reduction and the remaining 30% for immediate response activities
transforms the National Disaster Coordinating Council, which was created in 1978, into the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)
NDRRMC meaning
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
NDRRMC purpose
oversees the Philippine disaster management system
oversees the implementation of Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plans
supervise the transport and distribution of relief good to areas devastated by calamities
PDRRMC meaning
Provincial disaster risk reduction and management council
CDRRMC meaning
City disaster risk reduction and management council
MDRRMC meaning
Municipal disaster risk reduction and management council
LDRRMP meaning
Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plans
Climate Change definition
the aggregate and general change in the climate of regions
changes in weather elements such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind, cloudiness, and snow cover
Greenhouse Effect definition
the warming of the Earth’s surface and the lower atmosphere due to the occurrence of gases such as water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide
a natural phenomenon that keeps the temperature of the Earth well suited to existing life forms
Without GHG effect, the average global temperature of the Earth would be -18C
Joseph Fourier
A French mathematician who discovered in 1872 that the Earth’s atmosphere traps heat much like a greenhouse
Svante August Arrhenius
A Swedish chemist and physicist who said that the Earth’s average temperature would rise due to the additional carbon dioxide caused by the burning of fossil fuels
This is attributed to the Industrial Revolution
Charles David Keeling
After consistently monitoring the carbon dioxide emission in Mauna Loa, Hawaii in 1958, he said that carbon dioxide became 35% more than it was before the Industrial Revolution
Global Warming
the increase in the temperature of atmosphere due to natural causes such as volcanic eruptions and the variation of the output of the sun
carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and halocarbons
intensification of the effect of greenhouse due to human activities prevents the Earth from naturally balancing itself, leading to global warming
3 schools of thought
Skeptics
Alarmists
Green Movement
Skeptics
insist that the world is essentially robust: there’s nothing human beings can do about it, we cannot make much difference
Alarmists
the earth is like a wild beast and we are busy prodding that wild beast with sticks and it will react violently towards us
Green movement
the earth is vulnerable, we are damaging the earth and we must repair that damage
Note 
Flashcard (50)