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What was the Proclamation Line of 1763?

A proclamation that forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

What were the Articles of Confederation?

The first governing document of the United States that established a loose confederation of states under a weak national Congress.

What is the Enlightenment?

An intellectual movement in the 18th century emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.

What was the Newburgh Conspiracy?

A threat by the Continental Army to abandon the fight for independence due to lack of pay.

Who were the Patriots?

Colonists who rebelled against British rule during the American Revolution.

Who were the Federalists?

Supporters of the new Constitution who advocated for a strong federal government.

What was the Albany Plan of Union?

A proposal by Benjamin Franklin to unite the 13 colonies for trade and military purposes, which was ultimately rejected.

What was the Great Compromise?

The agreement to create a bicameral legislature, with one house based on population and the other providing equal representation.

Who were the Tories?

Colonists who remained loyal to British rule during the American Revolution.

Who were the Anti-Federalists?

Opponents of the new Constitution who feared a strong national government and advocated for the Bill of Rights.

What was the Northwest Ordinance?

A 1787 law that established a system for governing new territories and allowed them to join the Union.

What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?

An agreement that each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a person for representation and tax purposes.

What does Salutary Neglect refer to?

A period when British laws were loosely enforced in the colonies, allowing them to operate independently.

What event marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War?

The battles of Lexington and Concord.

What was the significance of the Battle of Yorktown?

It marked the decisive victory for the colonists, leading to British surrender and the end of the Revolutionary War.

What occurred at the Battle of Saratoga?

A pivotal colonial victory that convinced France to support the American cause.

What was the outcome of the French and Indian War?

Britain gained control of Canada and increased territorial claims, but also accumulated a large national debt.

What was the Boston Tea Party?

A protest against British taxation where colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor.

What were the Intolerable Acts?

A series of punitive measures imposed by Britain in response to the Boston Tea Party.

What happened at the First Continental Congress?

Delegates met to discuss colonial grievances against British policies.

What did the Declaration of Independence accomplish?

It formally declared the colonies' independence from Britain.

What was Shays' Rebellion?

An uprising of debt-ridden farmers protesting heavy taxation and economic injustices in Massachusetts.

What was decided at the Constitutional Convention?

To create a new framework for government rather than just amending the Articles of Confederation.

What was the primary focus of the Virginia Plan?

To establish a bicameral legislature with representation based on population.

What did the New Jersey Plan propose?

A unicameral legislature with equal representation for each state.

What was the purpose of the Bill of Rights?

To protect individual liberties and limit the power of the federal government.

What were the Federalist Papers?

A series of essays promoting the ratification of the Constitution.

What did George Washington warn against in his Farewell Address?

The dangers of political parties and permanent foreign alliances.

What is the significance of the Treaty of Paris 1783?

It formally ended the Revolutionary War and recognized American independence.

What did the Articles of Confederation lack?

A strong central government, including an executive branch and the power to tax.

Who was Daniel Shays?

The leader of Shays' Rebellion, a protest against economic injustices.

What economic policy did Britain enforce after the French and Indian War?

Mercantilism.

What rights did colonists protest against through the Stamp Act?

The requirement to use specially stamped paper for legal documents and newspapers.

What was the Declaratory Act of 1766?

It asserted Parliament's authority to tax and legislate over the colonies.

What did the Townshend Acts impose taxes on?

Various goods including tea, glass, and paper.

What did the Continental Congress do after the battles of Lexington and Concord?

They drafted the Olive Branch Petition, seeking peace with Britain.

What led to the creation of the committees of correspondence?

The need for a unified communication system among the colonies.

How did colonists respond to the tea tax?

By boycotting British tea and organizing the Boston Tea Party.

What did the Second Continental Congress achieve?

They put George Washington in charge of the Continental Army.

What was significant about the military leadership of George Washington?

His leadership secured many crucial victories and helped unify the colonies.

What does federalism refer to?

The division of power between the national and state governments.

What was the main argument of the Anti-Federalists?

That the new Constitution would create a too powerful central government.

What compromise addressed the counting of slaves for representation?

The Three-Fifths Compromise.

What was a consequence of the British forces' poor supply lines during the Revolutionary War?

Challenges in maintaining troop commitment and receiving necessary supplies.

What did the Northwest Ordinance establish in terms of land?

A process for admitting new states from the Northwest Territory.

What was the main purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

To address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

What significant act was passed in response to colonial resistance in the 1760s?

The Writs of Assistance allowing general searches without cause.

Who revised the Articles of Confederation?

The Constitutional Convention delegates.

In what year did New Hampshire ratify the Constitution?

1788.

What principle allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches?

Checks and balances.

How did the end of Salutary Neglect contribute to colonial unrest?

By tightening British control and enforcing laws already ignored.

What was one outcome of the Boston Tea Party?

The imposition of the Intolerable Acts by Britain.

What was the Olive Branch Petition?

A last attempt by the colonists to reconcile with the British government.