Lecture 12 dative covalent bond

Define dative coordinate bond

The bond is formed when an empty orbital of one atom overlaps with an orbital containing a lone pair of elections of another atom

Dative covalent bond examples -1

Amonumion ion NH4+

Define dative coordinate bond

The bond is formed when an empty orbital of one atom overlaps with an orbital containing a lone pair of elections of another atom

Dative covalent bond examples -1

Amonumion ion NH4+

Dative covalent bond example-2

Hydroxonium ion H3O+

Dative covalent bond example -3

Alamium chloride dime Al2Cl6

In gas phase, just above its sublimation temperature

aluminum chloride exist as Al2Cl6 molecule

Define metallic bond

The strong electrostatic force of attraction between positive metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons

Explain why metals are excellent conductors of electricity

Due to the sea of electrons which easily delocalise when voltage is applied

Explain why metals use excellent conductors of heat

Since their ions are closely packed together, hence can pass on kinetic energy from one cation to another

Explain why metals have a high melting temperature

Due to the strong electrostatic force of attraction between the lattice of positive ions and the sea of delocalised electrons hence requires more energy to overcome

PCL 5

Tribunal bipyramidal with an angle of 90/120 with one lone pair on its central atom

PCL6

Octahedral with an angle of 90 and no lone pair on its central carbon atom

PCL 4

Tetrahedral with an angle of 109.5 with no lone pair on its central atom