Infectious Diseases and Causative Agents Flashcards

Comprehensive flashcards covering definition, synonyms, causative agents, pathognomonic signs, diagnostic tests, and drugs of choice for various infectious diseases.

Infection

The entry and multiplication of an infectious agent in or on the tissue of a host.

Communicable

An infectious disease that is transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another.

Rabies

Also known as Hydrophobia or Lyssa; caused by Rhabdovirus. Pathognomonic sign is hydrophobia. Confirmed via fluorescent antibody test. Drug of choice: post exposure prophylaxis (rabies immunoglobulin rig).

Tetanus

Also known as Lockjaw; caused by Clostridium Tetani. Pathognomonic sign is risus sardonicus. Treatment includes tetanus toxoid, penicillin, and metronidazole.

Meningitis

Also known as Cerebrospinal Fever; caused by Enteroviruses. Pathognomonic sign is nuchal rigidity. Diagnostic test is csf analysis / lumbar tap. Drug of choice: ampicillin.

Diphtheria

Also known as Membranous Croup or Syrian Ulcer; caused by corynebacterium diptheriae or klebs loeffler bacillus. Pathognomonic sign is bulls neck. Diagnostic test is loeffler slant. Drug of choice: penicillin.

Cholera

Also known as El Tor; caused by vibrio cholerae. Pathognomonic signs are rice water stool and washerwoman's hand. Diagnostic test is rectal swab. Drug of choice: tetracycline.

Typhoid Fever

Also known as Enteric Fever; caused by salmonella typhosa. Pathognomonic sign is rose spots. Diagnostic test is thypidot. Drug of choice: chloramphenicol.

Amoebiasis

Also known as Amoebic Dysentery; caused by entamoeba histolytica. Drugs of choice: metronidazole and Tetracycline.

Chickenpox

Also known as Varicella; caused by varicella zoster. Pathognomonic sign is itchy rashes. Drug of choice: axyclovir.

Measles

Also known as Rubeola; caused by morbilivirus. Pathognomonic sign is koplik spot. Diagnostic test is Real-time RT-PCR. Drug of choice: Isoprenosine.

German Measles

Also known as Rubella; caused by rubella virus. Pathognomonic sign is Forchheimer spots.

Syphilis

Also known as Lues Venereal or Morbus Gallicus; caused by treponema pallidum. Pathognomonic sign is chancre lesions. Diagnostic test: Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption Test. Drug: Penicillin G benzathine.

Leptospirosis

Also known as Weil’s disease or Hemorrhagic jaundice; caused by leptospira interrogans. Pathognomonic sign is Aseptic meningitis. Drug: Doxycycline.

Herpes Zoster

Also known as Shingles; caused by varicella zoster. Drug of choice: Acyclovir.

Gonorrhea

Also known as Clap, Flores Blancas, or Gleet; caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae or Gonoco ccus. Pathognomonic sign is Mucopurulent urethral discharge.

Herpes Simplex

Disease caused by the herpes simplex virus.

Chlamydia

Disease caused by chlamydia trachomatis.

Poliomyelitis

Also known as Infantile Paralysis or Heine-Medin disease; caused by enterovirus.

Hepatitis A

Also known as Infectious hepatitis or Catharrhal jaundice; caused by hepa a virus.

Hepatitis B

Also known as Serum hepatitis; caused by hepa b virus.

Hepatitis C

Disease caused by the hepa c virus.

HIV AIDS

Disease caused by hiv.

Malaria

Also known as Ague; caused by plasmodium falciparum.

Dengue

Also known as Breakbone fever or Dandy fever; caused by flavivirus.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Also known as Koch’s disease or Phthisis; caused by mycobacterium tb.

Mumps

Also known as Infectious parotitis or Epidemic parotitis; caused by paramyxoviruses.

Influenza

Also known as La Grippe; caused by myxoviruses.

Schistosomiasis

Also known as Bilharziasis; caused by schistoma japonica.

Bacillary Dysentery

Also known as Shigellosis; caused by shigella.

Encephalitis

Also known as Brain fever; caused by arboviruses.

Pertussis

Also known as Whooping cough; caused by bordetella pertussis.