FAL Special Tests

Test procedure for an anterior drawer

stabilize the lower leg, apply posterior-to-anterior force on the calcaneus and talus

what is a positive test for an anterior drawer

anterior translation of talus from TC joint, provocation of pain (compared bilaterally)

what is the interpretation of a positive anterior drawer

lateral ankle sprain

test procedure of inversion (medial talar tilt) test

while stabilizing the lower leg, apply inversion force to ankle

what is a positive test for inversion (medial) talar tilt test

increased talar tilt, provocation of pain

what is a positive inversion (medial) talar tilt test indicative of

lateral ankle sprain; tear in the CFL (or ATFL, PTFL)

test procedure of Kleiger test

while stabilizing the lower leg, apply an eversion force to ankle

what is a positive Kleiger test

increased talar tilt, talar gapping, provocation of pain

what is a positive kleiger test indicative of?

a high ankle sprain

what is the test procedure for a squeeze test

apply a squeezing force medially to the lower leg

what is a positive squeeze test

pain, especially away from compressed area

what is a positive squeeze test indicative of

fracture and/or high ankle sprain

what is the test procedure for the Cotton Test

apply a lateral force perpendicular to talus

what is a positive Cotton Test

increased lateral translation, pain

what is another name for the Cotton Test

lateral talar glide

what is a positive cotton test indicative of

syndesmotic sprain

what is the test procedure for an eversion (lateral talar tilt)

while stabilizing the lower leg, apply an eversion force to ankle

what is a positive eversion (lateral talar tilt)

increased talar tilt, talar gapping, provocation of pain

what is a positive eversion (lateral talar tilt) indicative test

eversion/medial ankle sprain

what is the test procedure of a thompson test

squeeze gastroc/soleus, observe for ankle plantarflexion

what is a positive thompson test

no plantarflexion with calf squeeze

what is a positive thompson test indicitive of

a ruptured achilles

what is a positive calcaneal squeeze test indicative of

fracture or sever’s disease

what are some manual fracture tests

squeeze (Pott’s compression), long bone compression, fulcrum test, bump test

what is the test procedure for the dorsiflexion-eversion test

passively extend toes, dorsiflex the ankle, and evert the foot. Hold for 5-10s or until reproduction of symptoms

what is a positive dorsiflexion-eversion test

provocation of pain or neurological symptoms

what is a positive dorsiflexion-eversion test indicative of

tarsal tunnel syndrome

test procedure for Morton’s Neuroma test

place a thin, dull object on the plantar aspect of the foot, between the distal metatarsal head of the 3rd and 4th metatarsal. Grasp and squeeze forefoot to apply pressure

what is a positive Morton’s Neuroma test

provocation of pain or neurological symptoms

what is a positive Morton’s neuroma test indicative of

a neuroma is present