Soc 310 - Principles of Demography Exam 2 UWEC

In order to be a migrant, not just a mover, which of the following is required?

Moving the total round of daily activities

The United States had the highest percentage of the population that was foreign-born during the ______ time period.

1880–1889

The analysis of Massey and his associates suggests that ______ provides the single best explanation of international migration.

there is no theoretical approach that

The components of change or residual method of estimating migration uses which of the following in its calculation?

Demographic balancing equation

Of the following formulas, which one measures net migration?

IMigR – OMigR

If we knew that 14 percent of the U.S. population in 2016 was foreign-born, we would have information about the

stock of immigrants

The most common definition of a permanent migrant is someone who has lived in the new location for at least

1 year

In his classic study of the push-pull theory of migration, Ravenstein argued that the ________is the most important motivation to move

desire to get ahead

Of the following, ________ is typically not a consequence of migration for the donor area

an increase in number of older peop

The global pattern of migration has generally been directionally from ____ to _____.

east; west

The consistently largest mega-city in the world for the past several decades has been

Tokyo

The most highly urbanized region in the world is

North America

Urbanization became noticeable in the world during the _____ century

18th

An important difference between cities and rural places that encourages the growth of cities is that

cities are economically more efficient.

Currently in the entire world, almost _____ percent of the population is living in urban places

60

According to United Nations definitions, to be a “mega-city” a city must have a population of at least ____ million.

10

The concept of an “American apartheid” has been applied to

residential segregation of blacks in America

Tzintzuntzan, Mexico, illustrates the point that

population growth in rural villages leads to migration of younger people to urban places

The region of the world with the highest percentage of the urban population living in slums is

sub-Saharan Africa

The urban transition in China demonstrates that

governments can retard the urban transition but cannot stop it.

A key characteristic of the age transition is that it represents

a shift from a very young population to an older population.

If we are comparing the rate of pregnancy-related deaths among young adult women now with rates from 50 years ago, we are most likely trying to understand the

period effect

If you see an age pyramid that caves in at the younger ages, the most likely explanation is

declining fertility

The difference between the “third age” and the “fourth age” is largely a function of the

susceptibility to senescence

The short-term impact of an increase in migration on the age structure is to

produce a young-adult bulge.

Cohort flow captures the idea that

historical events similarly affect people of the same age.

Despite the decline in fertility in India, that country has not experienced the same demographic dividend as China because

its fertility decline has been much slower over time

The idea that different behavior is expected of people according to their age is an example of

age stratification

Population momentum is most influenced by the proportion of the population that is

women of reproductive age.

The demographic dividend is associated with an age structure characterized by

a bulge in the working-age population.

In the United States, women aged 25 and over who are full-time year-round workers with a graduate or professional degree make about ____ percent as much money as do men of the same age and economic activity.

75

Educational homogamy refers to

marrying someone with a similar education level

The rise in the number of female-headed households is most apt to be the result of a(n)

increase in the status of women

The inequality in the distribution of income in the United States means that the top 20 percent of earners bring in ___ percent of the nation’s total income, compared to ___ percent for the bottom 20 percent.

50; 3

The nature of a family is that it is a(n) _______ unit, whereas a household is a ________unit.

kinship; residential

The single most important contributor to a person’s life chances is

his or her level of education.

The diversity of household types in the United States is most noticeable in terms of the percent of households that are

married couples with children

The rise in cohabitation in richer countries is most associated demographically with

delayed marriage.

The life chances of most people will be least affected by

individual genetic structure.

With respect to race/ethnicity, the United States is currently experiencing what might best be described as

a diversity explosion

Intensification of agriculture involves

increased yield per acre

Of the following countries, _______ generates the greatest total amount of carbon dioxide emissions.

China

Economic development refers to a situation in which there is

growth in average (per-person) income

Of the following issues, __________ has not been fully addressed in the United Nations program to achieve sustainable development.

population growth

Which of the following countries has the highest estimated ecological footprint per person?

United States

Ester Boserup is famous for her idea that population growth

can trigger economic development

If the ecological footprint calculations for the world are correct, then we

are already in a situation of overshoot

History suggests that ________ is the more common demographic response to resource over-utilization at the local level.

out-migration

Of the following factors, availability of _______ may be the most limiting with respect to sustainable food production for a growing population.

fresh water

Of the following, _________ is most closely related to the concept of carrying capacity.

sustainability