Math Review Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing math concepts, including geometry, data analysis, and algebra.

Area of a circle

A = πr²

Circumference of a circle

C = πd, the distance around the circle

Diameter

Double the radius

Radius

Half the diameter

Sample Space

Organized list or table of possible outcomes.

Range

The difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set.

Box Plot

A visual representation of data that shows the shape, median, range, and outliers.

Stem & Leaf Plot

A way to display data that organizes data points by their digits.

Dot Plot

A graph that shows the distribution of data using dots.

Mean

The average of a set of numbers.

Median

The middle value in a sorted set of numbers.

M.O.C. (Mean + Median)

Used when there is no outlier in the data set.

M.O.V. (Range + IQR)

Indicates the range of the middle half of the data; used when there are outliers.

Percent Proportion Equation

Part / Whole = % / 100

Numerical Data

Data that consists of numbers.

Categorical Data

Data that consists of categories or labels.

Bar Graph/Chart

Used for comparison of exact amounts.

Circle Graph

Used for comparing parts to the whole.

Degrees to Percentage Conversion

Cross multiply degrees/360 = percentage/100

Similar Shapes

Same shape, different size.

Scale Factor

The ratio used to enlarge or reduce similar figures.

Dilation

A transformation that changes the size of a figure.

S.F. > 1

Enlargement

S.F. < 1

Reduction

Regular Polygon

A polygon with all sides and angles equal.

Interior Angle Sum

(n-2) * 180, where n is the number of sides.

Triangle Angle Sum

The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.

Complementary Angles

Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees.

Supplementary Angles

Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees.

Vertical Angles

Angles opposite each other when two lines intersect; they are congruent.

Straight Angle

An angle that measures 180 degrees.

Scatter Plot

A graph that shows the relationship between two variables.

Cluster

A group of data points that are close together in a scatter plot.

Interval

A period of time between events or points in time.

Rate of Change

How a quantity is changing over time; can be linear or non-linear.

Linear Function

A function whose graph is a straight line.

Non-Linear Function

A function whose graph is not a straight line.

Independent Variable

The input (x) in a function.

Dependent Variable

The output (y) in a function.

Function

A relation where each input has only one output. (y=mx+b)

One Solution to a System of Equations

Lines intersect at one point; different slopes

No Solution to a System of Equations

Parallel lines; same slope, different y-intercepts

Infinite Solutions to a System of Equations

Same line; same slope and y-intercept

90 Degree Rotation

(x, y) -> (-y, x)

180 Degree Rotation

(x, y) -> (-x, -y)

270 Degree Rotation

(x, y) -> (y, -x)

Scientific Notation

A way of expressing numbers that are too large or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form.